Question | Answer |
When caring for a client with a diagnosis of aortic aneurysm scheduled for surgery, what would be most important for the nurse to monitor? | Level of consciousness, characteristics of pain, and signs of hemorrhage or dissection |
A nurse should be prepared to manage complications following abdominal aortic aneurysm resection. Which complication is most common? | Renal failure |
To relieve chest pain associated with pericarditis, which position should the nurse encourage the client to assume? | Leaning forward while sitting |
Which abnormal lab values would be seen in the patient diagnosed with infective endocarditis? | • Elevated white blood cell (WBC) count
• Elevated c-reactive protein
• Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) |
The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with rheumatic endocarditis but no valvular dysfunction. On which nursing diagnosis should the nurse focus her teaching? | Risk for infection |
What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis? | Rheumatic endocarditis |
What is the most significant risk factor for mitral stenosis? | Rheumatic fever |
Describe the sound that can be ausculatated in a patient with mitral regurgitation | "The high-pitched blowing sound at the apex is indicative of a systolic murmur." |
A physician admits a client with a history of I.V. drug abuse to the medical-surgical unit for evaluation for infective endocarditis. Nursing assessment is most likely to reveal that this client has: | Osler's nodes and splinter hemorrhages. |
What is the most common complication of prosthetic valves? | Thromboembolism |
Which of the following clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to find in the patient diagnosed with aortic regurgitation? | Visible neck vein pulsations |
One of the most common causes of mitral valve regurgitation in people living in developed countries is | ischemia of the left ventricle |
A physician has scheduled a client with mitral stenosis for mitral valve replacement. Which condition may arise as a complication of mitral stenosis? | pulmonary hypertension |
Which pathophysiologic events occur in mitral stenosis? | • Pulmonary pressure increases
• Diastole is shortened
• Amount of time for forward flow is lessened |
The patient with which of the following characteristics is considered high risk for the development of infective endocarditis? | Cyanotic congenital malformations |
A client is hospitalized for repair of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. The nurse must be alert for signs and symptoms of aneurysm rupture and thus looks for which of the following? | Constant, intense back pain and falling blood pressure |
A physician admits a client to the health care facility for treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. When planning this client's care, which goal should the nurse keep in mind as she formulates interventions? | Stabilizing heart rate and blood pressure and easing anxiety |
Which medication classification lyses and dissolves thrombi? | fibrinolytic |
The most common site of aneurysm formation is in the: | abdominal aorta, just below the renal arteries. |
A client with peripheral arterial disease asks the nurse about using a heating pad to warm the feet. The nurse's best response is which of the following? | "It is better to put the heating pad on your abdomen, which causes vasodilation and warmth to your feet." |
A client comes to the emergency department complaining of sudden onset of lower leg pain. Inspection and palpation reveal absent pulses; paresthesia; and a mottled, cyanotic, cold, and cadaverous left calf. The nurse should: | keep the affected leg level or slightly dependent. |
A nurse is admitting a new client with a deep vein thrombosis in her left leg. During the admission process, which information provided by the client would be a contraindication to anticoagulant therapy? | upcoming eye surgery |
Which of the following observations regarding ulcer formation on the patient's lower extremity indicates that the ulcer is a result of venous insufficiency? | irregular ulcer borders |
Two days after undergoing a total abdominal hysterectomy, a client complains of left calf pain. Venography reveals deep vein thrombosis (DVT). When assessing this client, the nurse is likely to detect: | left calf circumference 1" (2.5 cm) larger than the right. |
While receiving heparin to treat a pulmonary embolus, a client passes bright red urine. What should the nurse do first? | give protamine sulfate |
A home health nurse is teaching a client with peripheral arterial disease ways to improve circulation to the lower extremities. The nurse encourages which of the following in teaching? | Keeping the legs in a neutral or dependent position |
Which of the following are risk factors related to venous stasis for DVT and pulmonary embolism? | obesity |
When teaching a client with peripheral vascular disease about foot care, a nurse should include which instruction? | avoid canvas shoes |
(see full question) A nurse should be prepared to manage complications following abdominal aortic aneurysm resection. Which complication is most common? | renal failure |
Which of the following is a true statement regarding the role of baroreceptors? | Initiates the parasympathetic response |
A nurse is completing a head to toe assessment on a patient diagnosed with right-sided heart failure. To assess peripheral edema, which of the following areas should be examined? | Fingers, hands |
Which of the following are alterations noted in Virchow’s triad? Select all that apply. | • Stasis of blood
• Vessel wall injury
• Altered coagulation |
Which of the following is a characteristic of an arterial ulcer? | Border regular and well demarcated |
Which of the following observations regarding ulcer formation on the patient's lower extremity indicates that the ulcer is a result of venous insufficiency? | irregular border |
What is the most common cause of mitral stenosis? | rheumatic endocarditis |
Which of the following procedures describes splitting or separating fused cardiac valve leaflets? | Commissurotomy |
An asymptomatic patient questions the nurse about mitral regurgitation and inquires about continuing exercises. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing response? | Continue exercising until mild symptoms develop |
The nurse working in the medical intensive care unit has a patient admitted with mitral stenosis. The nurse knows that the pathophysiology of mitral stenosis is consistent with some of the following. Choose all that apply. | • Left atrial hypertrophy |