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Unit # 9
Developmental Psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Developmental Psychology | A branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span. |
| Zygote | The fertilized egg; it enters a 2-week period of rapid cell division and develops into an embryo. |
| Embryo | The developing human organism from about 2 weeks after fertilization through the second month. |
| Fetus | The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth. |
| Teratogens | Agents, such as chemicals and viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm. |
| Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) | Physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by a pregnant woman's heavy drinking. In severe cases, symptoms include noticable facial misproportions. |
| Habituation | Decreasing responsive-ness with repeated stimulation. As infants gain familiarity with repeated exposure to a visual stimulus, their internest wanes and they look away sooner. |
| Maturation | Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience. |
| Cognition | All the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating. |
| Schema | A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information. |
| Assimilation | Interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas. |
| Accomodation | Adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new information. |
| Sensorimotor Stage | In Piaget's theory, the stage (from birth to about 2 yars of age) during which infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities. |
| Object permanence | The awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived. |
| Preoperational stage | In Piaget's theory, the stage (from 2 to 6 or 6 years of age) during which a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic. |
| Conservation | The principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the formsof objects. |
| Egocentrism | In Piaget's theory, the preoperational child difficulty taking another's point of view. |
Created by:
AP Psychology 2011