| Question | Answer |
| State 2 functions of K+ | 1) Regulate neuromuscular excitability and muscular contraction 2) Regulate insulin secretion |
| What are the ECG changes in a) Hypo-Kalemia? b) Hyper-Kalemia? | a) Hypo-K+ = U wave b) Hyper-K+ = Peaked T waves |
| Is sweating a hypo/iso/hypertonic loss of Na+? | Hypotonic loss of Na+ |
| Is adult diarrhea a hypo/iso/hypertonic loss of Na+? | Isotonic loss of Na+ |
| Are pitting edema states (RHF, cirrhosis, neprotic) a hypo/iso/hypertonic loss/gain of Na+? | Hypotonic gain of Na+ |
| Is salicylate intoxication a metabolic acidosis or respiratory alkalosis? | It is both. It is a primary metabolic acidosis, and a primary respiratory alkalosis. |
| What are the differences between transudate and exudate? | Transudate is protein-poor and cell-poor, produce pitting edema. Exudate is protein-rich and cell-rich. No pitting edema. |
| State the 3 pathogenesis of thrombi. (Virchow's triad) | 1) Endothelial cell injury 2) Stasis of blood flow 3) Hypercoagulability |
| List the causes of Fat Embolism. | 1) MC due to fracture of long bones 2) trauma to fat-laden tissues, or fatty liver |
| Dx : During labor, abrupt onset of dyspnea, cyanosis, hypotension, and bleeding. | Amniotic fluid embolism |
| List 2 acute complications of scuba diving. | 1) Pneumothorax 2) Pulmonary embolism 3) bends |
| List the changes during hypovolemic shock to : a) CO b) LVEDP c) PVR | a) decrease CO b) decrease LVEDP c) increased PVR |
| List the changes during cardiogenic shock to : a) CO b) LVEDP c) PVR | a) decreased CO b) increased LVEDP c) increased PVR |
| List the changes during septic shock to : a) CO b) LVEDP c) PVR | a) increased CO b) decreased LVEDP c) decreased PVR |
| What is the most common organism to cause septic shock? | Escherichia coli |
| Dx : Warm skin, bounding pulse, ARDS, DIC | Septic shock |
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Created by:
Justin Lee
on 2009-06-13