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HHP 3/5
CHP7 SKTL SYSTM
Question | Answer |
---|---|
HEMATOPOIESIS | BLOOD FORMATION-RBC,WBC,PLATELETS |
OS-/OSS- | BONE |
-BLAST | FORM |
-CLAST | BREAK DOWN |
PERI- | AROUND |
ARTICULATION | A JOINT, JOINING OF BONES |
AUTOIMMUNE | an organism against any of its own tissues, cells, or cell components. |
OSTEOCYTE | MATURE BONE CELL |
OSTEOBLAST | BONE CELLS BUILDING UP |
OSTEOCLAST | BONE CELLS BREAKING DOWN |
LACUNAE | SPACE IN BONE |
ARTH- | JOINT |
CHONDR- | CARTILAGE |
COST- | RIB |
COX- | HIP |
SYN- | JOIN 2GETHR |
AMPH- | ON BOTH SIDES |
DIA- | BETWEEN, APRT,COMPLETE |
ACETABUL- | VINEGAR CUP |
AX- | AXIS |
CARP- | TWIST |
CONDYL- | KNOB |
CORAC- | A CROW'S BEAK |
CRIBR- | SIEVE(SIFT/SML OPENINGS) |
CRIST- | CREST |
FOV- | PIT |
GLEN- | JOINT SOCKET |
INTER- | AMONG/BTWN |
INTRA- | INSIDE |
MEAT- | PASSAGE |
ODONT- | TOOTH |
POIE- | MAKE/PRODUCE |
CARTILAGE | SPECIALIZD, FIBROUS,CONNCTVE TSUE W/ CONSISTNCY OF A FIRM PLASTIC/GRISTLE GEL-HYALINE, ELASTIC, FIBROCARTLGE |
TENDON | BAND OR CORD OF FBROUS CONNCTVE TSUE THAT ATTCHS A MUSCLE TO BONE |
LIGAMENT | BAND OF WHITE FIBROUS TSUE CNNCTING 2 BONES; GRWS OUT OF THE PERIOSTEUM & LASHES 2 BONES 2GETHER |
PERIOSTEUM | MEMBRANE, FIBROUS CONNCTVE TSUE COVERING BONE SRFCE, CNTAINS OSTEOCLASTS, OSTEOBLASTS |
FUNCTIONS OF THE SKELETAL SYSTEM | SUPRT/SHAPE 2 BODY PRTCN OF INTRNL ORGNS MVNT/LEVER SYSTM STRGE OF Ca, ADIPOSE TSUE RBC,WBC,PLATELETS HOMEOSTASIS |
STORAGE OF SKELETAL SYSTEM | CaPO4+CaCO3+Mg+Na+k+ ADIPOSE TISSUE & HARMFL METALS LEAD/RADIUM |
HOMEOSTASIS OF SKELETAL SYSTEM | 3-5% BONE(Ca) REPLCMENT/YEAR, 99% Ca LOCKED UP IN BONE TISSUE & 1% FOUND IN BLOOD FOR MSCLE CELLS, NEURONS, COAGULATION(LIQUID TO THICK) |
CONDYLE | A ROUNDED PROCESS THAT ARTICULATES W/ ANOTHER BONE E-OCCIPITAL CONDYLE OF OCCIPITAL BONE |
EPICONDYLE | A PROJECTION SITUATED ABOVE A CONDYLE E-MEDIAL EPICONDYLE OF HUMERUS |
FOSSA | A DEEP PIT OR DEPRESSION E-OLECRANON FOSSA OF HUMERUS |
FORAMEN | AN OPENING THROUGH A BONE=PASSGEWAY 4 BLOOD VESSELS, NERVES, LIGAMENTS E-foramen magnum of occipital bone |
FACET | A SMALL, FLAT SURFACE E-RIB FACET OF THORACIC VERTEBRA |
CREST | A NARROW, RIDGELIKE PROJECTION E-ILIAC CREST OF ILIUM |
HEAD | ENLARGEMENT ON END OF A BONE E-HEAD OF HUMERUS |
SPINE | THORNLIKE PROJECTION E-SPINE OF SCAPULA |
SUTURE | AN INTERLOCKING LONE OF UNION BTWN BONES E-LAMBOID SUTURE BTWN OCCIPITAL & PARIETAL BONES |
CANAL OR MEATUS | TUBELIKE PASSAGEWAY WITHIN A BONE E-EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS OF EAR |
TROCHANTER | A LARGE PROCESS E-GRATER TROCHANTER OF FEMUR |
TUBERCLE | A SMALL KNOBLIKE PROCESS E-GREATER TUBERCLE OF HUMERUS |
TUBEROSITY | A KNOBLIKE PROCESS LRGER THAN A TUBERCLE E-RADIAL TUBEROSITY OF RADIUS |
FONTANEAL (2 YRS) | A SOFT SPOT IN THE SKULL WHERE MEMBRNES COVR THE SPACE BTWN BONES E-ANTERIOR FONTANEAL BTWN FRONTAL & PARIETAL BONES |
PROCESS | PROMINENT PROJECTION ON A BONE E-MASTOID PROCESS OF TEMPORAL BONE |
SINUS | CAVITY WITHIN A BONE E-FRONTAL SINUS OF FRONTAL BONE |
STYLOID PROCESS | a long, spinelike process of a bone E-projection from the base of the temporal bone. |
MALLEOULUS | the bony protuberance on either side of the ankle E-at the lower end of the fibula or of the tibula. |
LONG BONES | HUMERUS/FEMUR |
SHORT BONES | CARPALS/TARSALS |
FLAT BONES | CRANIAL/SCAPULA/COXA/RIBS/STERNUM |
IRREGULAR BONES | VERTEBRAE |
AXIAL SKELETON | HEAD, TRUNK, NECK |
APPENDICULAR SKELETON | UPPER/LOWER LIMBS, PECTORAL/PELVIC GIRDLE |
COXA | 2 BONES FOR THE HIP ANTERIOR-ILLIUM(UPPER) PUBIS(LOWER) POSTERIOR-ISCHIUM(BOTTOM) |
CARPALS | 16 WRIST BONES |
CLAVICLE | 2 BONES &2 SCAPULA FORM THE PECTORAL GIRDLE ON BOTH SIDES OF THE BODY |
FIBULA | 2 SLENDER LEG BONES -LATERAL |
HUMERUS | 2 ARM BONES |
VERTEBRAL COLUMN | CERVICAL-7 (1ST-ATLAS 2ND-AXIS) THORACIC-12 LUMBAR-5 SACRUM-1 COCCYX-1 |
METACARPALS | 10 BONES OF THE PALM |
METATARSALS | 10 BONES OF THE INSTEP |
PHALANGES | 28 BONES OF FINGERS/ 28 BONES OF TOES |
TIBIA | 2 LARGE LEG BONES -MEDIAL |
TARSALS | 14 ANKLE BONES |
PATELLA | FEMUR&TIBIA ARTICULATE @ KNEE JOINT & COVERS ANTERIOR SURFACE (2 BONES) |
SCAPULA | 2 BONES &2 CLAVICLE FORM THE PECTORAL GIRDLE ON BOTH SIDES OF THE BODY |
STERNUM | 1 BREASTBONE, 14/24 RIBS ATTACH ANTERIORLY 10 FALSE (6 ATTCH TO 7TH RIB, 4 NO COSTAL CARTILAGE FLOATING) |
RIBS | 24 BONES ARTICULATE POSTERIORLY W/ THORACIC VERTEBRAE |
RADIUS | 2 FOREARM BONES -LATERAL |
CALCANEUS | HARDEST BONE TO BREAK IN BODY HEEL BONE, LOCATED BELOW TALUS |
KNOWN TO BE THE SACRED BONE | SACRUM (FACT) |
OUR 2ND HEART | A VEIN FROM OUR LEG |
TALUS | BONE MOVES FREELY WHERE IT JOINS BELOW THE TIBIA & FIBULA |
ULNA | 2 FOREARM BONES -MEDIALLY |
OCCIPITAL BONE | 1 BONE, FORMS THE BACK OF THE SKULL & BASE OF THE CRANIUM |
FRONTAL BONE | 1 BONE, FORMS THE ANTERIOR PORTION OF THE SKULL ABOVE THE EYES |
MAXILLA BONE | 2 BONES, FORM TH UPPER JAW |
PARIETAL BONE | 2 BONES, 1 LOCATED ON EACH SIDE OF THE SKULL JUST BEHIND THE FRONTAL BONE -ROOF OF THE CRANIUM |
MANDIBLE BONE | 1 BONE, HORIZONTAL, HORSESHOE SHAPED BODY W/ A FLAT PORTION PROJECTING UPWARD @ EACH END. |
ZYGOMATIC BONE | 2 BONES, FORM THE PROMINENCES OF THE CHEEKS BELOW & TO THE SIDES OF THE EYES |
TEMPORAL BONE | 2 BONES, 1 ON EACH SIDE OF THE SKULL JOINS THE PARIETAL BONE ALONG A SQUAMOUS SUTURE |
FORAMEN MAGNUM | LARGE OPENING ON LOWER SURFACE OF OCCIPITAL BONE, THAT CAN PASS NERVE FIBERS FROM THE BRAIN |
BIFID SPINOUS PROCESS | 2ND-5TH CERVICAL VERTEBRAE UNIQUELY FORKED TO PROVIDE ATTACHMENTS FOR MUSCLES |
SPINOUS PROCESS | ALL VERTEBRAE HAVE THIS PROCESS THAT SLOPES DOWNWARD EXCEPT FOR THE 2ND-5TH OF THE CERVICAL VERTEBRAE |
TRANSVERSE FORAMEN | 7 CERVICAL VERTEBRAE HAVE PASSAGEWAYS FOR ARTERIES LEADING TO THE BRAIN |
DENS | 2ND VERTBRAE(AXIS) BEARS A TOOTHLIKE ODONTOID PROCESS ON ITS BODY |
ACROMIAN PROCESS | SPINE LEADS 1 OF 2 PROCESS THAT FORMS THE TIP OF THE SHOULDER |
CORACOID PROCESS (BELOW) | SPINE LEADS 1 OF 2 PROCESSES THAT CURVES ANTERIORLY AND INFERIORLY TO THE CLAVICLE |
OLECRANON PROCESS | 1 OF 2 PROCESSES SUPERIOR ULNA (NOTCH THAT PROVIDES ATTACHMENTS FOR MSCLES |
CORONOID PROCESS(TOP) | 1 OF 2 PROCESSES MEDIAL ULNA (NOTCH THAT PROVIDES ATTCHMENTS FOR MSCLES |
OSTEOCYTES | MATURE BONE CELLS |
CANALICULUS | CANALS THAT CNNCT LACUNAE; COMUNCTN NTWRK BTWN OSTEOCYTES |
LACUNAE | SMALL BONY CHAMBERS HOUSING OSTEOCYTES |
OSTEONIC CANALS | (HAVERSIAN CANALS)LONGITDNL IN DIRECTION, CONTNS BLOOD VESSELS, NEURONS |
PERFORATING CANALS | (VOLKMANN'S CANALS) TRANSVERSE IN DRCTN, CNNTS OSTEONIC CANALS, CONTAIN LRGR BLOOD VESSELS & NERVE CELLS |
MEDULLARY CAVITY | HOLLOW CHAMBER CONTINUOUS W/ SPONGY BONE |
SPONGY BONE | MANY SMALL SPACES |
EPIPHYSIS | ENDS, PRXIML+DSTL, SPONGY BONE, CONTAINS RED BONE MARROW |
ARTICULAR CARTILAGE | COVERS EPIPHYSIS AS A CUSHION |
DIAPHYSIS | SHAFT, COMPACT BONE, MEDULLARY CAVITY,YELLOW MARROW |
COMPACT BONE | DENSE, CNTINOUS MATRIX W/ NO GAPS, COLLAGEN, INORGANIC SALTS |
S.A.D. | SYNARTHROSIS-NO MVNT, AMPHIARTHROSIS-LITLE MVNT, DIARTHROSIS-FREELY MVNG |
H.A.M. | HOLOCRINE-PRODUCTS LEAVE WALL APOCRINE-LITTLE WALL LEAVES MEROCRINE-NONE LEAVE |
FIBROUS JOINTS | (BONE,CNCTVE TSUE, BONE) -SYNARTHROSIS- SUTURES(CRANIAL BONES) DISTAL ENDS OF TIBIA/FIBULA TEETH& THEIR SOCKETS BTWN ULNA/RADIUS |
CARTILAGINOUS JOINTS | -AMPHIARTHROSIS- INTERVETEBRAL DISKS/COLUMN PUBIC SYMPHYSIS #1RIB & STERNUM |
SYNOVIAL JOINTS | -DIARTHROSIS- BALL&SOCKET, ELLIPSOID, GLIDING, HINGE, PIVOT, SADDLE |
BALL & SOCKET JOINT | MVNT ALL DIERCTIONS -SHOULDER & HIP |
ELLIPSOID(CONDYLOID) JOINT | BI-AXIAL MVNT -METACARPALS/PHALANGES -ATLAS/OCCIPITAL BONE -RADIUS/CARPAL BONE -MANDIBLE/TEMPORAL BONES(TMJ) |
TMJ | TEMPORALMANDIBULAR JOINT |
CONDYLE | the smooth surface area at the end of a bone, forming part of a joint. |
GLIDING JOINT | MOVES ON A PLANE -ARTICULAR PROCESSES OF ADJACENT VERTEBRAE -RIBS/VERTEBRAE -SACRUM/COAX -ACROMIAN PROCESS OF SCAPULA/CLAVICLE |
HINGE JOINT | FLEX/EXTND-ONLY -ELBOW/KNEE -JOINTS OF PHALANGES |
PIVOT JOINT | 1 BONE MOVES ARND ANTHR -PRXML ENDS OF RADIUS/ULNA -ATLAS/AXIS |
SADDLE JOINT | FLEX,EXTEND,ABDT,ADDT,CIRCDCT -CARPAL/METACARPAL OF THUMB -MANUBRIUM OF STERNUM/CLAVICLE |
BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT | a small amount of bone marrow is withdrawn from pelvic bone and injected into a patient whose ability to make new blood cells has been impaired ANEMIA-LOW RED BLOOD CELLS/WEAK |
ACROMEGALY | ABNORMAL ENLARGEMENT OF FACIAL FEATURES |
ANKYLOSIS | STIFFNESS OF A JOINT OR FUSION OF BONES OF A JOINT |
ARTHRALGIA | PAIN IN A JOINT |
FRACTURES | STRESS, OBLIQUE, SPIRAL, GREENSTICK, NOUNION, MALUNION, FISSURED, COMMINUTED, TRANSVERVE |
STRESS FRACTURE | a hairline crack in a bone, especially of a foot or leg, caused by repeated or prolonged stress and often occurring in runners, dancers, and soldiers (march fracture). |
OBLIQUE FRACTURE | OCCURS AT AN ANGLE TO THE AXIS OF THE BONE |
TRANSVERSE FRACTURE | COMPLETE, BREAK OCCURS AT A RIGHT ANGLE TO THE AXIS OF THE BONE |
SPIRAL FRACTURE | CAUSED BY EXCESSIVE TWISTING OF A BONE |
COMMINUTED FRACTURE | COMPLETE & FRAGMENTS OF BONE(SHATTERED) |
FISSURED FRACTURE | INCOMPLETE LONGITUDINAL BREAK |
GREENSTICK FRACTURE | INCOMPLETE, BREAK OCCURS ON CONVEX SURFACE OF THE BEND IN THE BONE |
NONUNION FRACTUE | PERMANENT FAILURE OF HEALING AFTER A BROKEN BONE |
MALUNION FRACTURE | healing of a fracture with incorrect anatomical alignment. |
DISLOCATION/SUBLAXATION | FINGERS,SHOULDER KNEE |
LUMBAGO | DULL ACHE IN LUMBAR REGION |
OSTEITIS | INFLAMMATION OF BONE TISSUE |
OSTEOARTHRITIS | breakdown of cartilage in the joints leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling. |
RHEUMATIOD ARTHRITIS | AUTOIMMUNE-inflammation of the joints |
OSTEOCHONDRITIS | INFLAMMATION OF BONE & CARTILAGE TISSUE |
OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA | INHERITED, DEFORMED & BRITTLE BONES |
OSTEOMA | TUMOR COMPOSED OF BONE TISSUE |
OSTEOPOROSIS | bones become increasingly porous, brittle, and subject to fracture, owing to loss of calcium |
OSTEOMALACIA | BONE SOFTENING IN ADULTS DUE TO Ca DELETION |
CLEFT PALATE | a congenital defect of the palate in which a longitudinal fissure exists in the roof of the mouth. |
SPINA BIFIDA | a congenital neural tube defect in which part of the meninges or spinal cord protrudes through the spinal column, often resulting in neurological impairment. |
RUPTURED/HERNIATED//DEGENERATING DISCS | common back condition that leads to irritation/DAMGED of spinal nerves and can cause back and leg pain |
NAME THE MAJOR BONES OF THE AXIAL SKELETON | SKULL, MIDDLE EAR BONES, HYOID, VERTEBRAL COLUMN, THORACIC CAGE |
NAME THE MAJOR BONES OF THE APPENDICLAR SKELETON | PECTORAL GIRDLE, UPPER LIMBS, PELVIC GIRDLE, LOWER LIMBS |
NAME & LOCATE THE BONES OF THE SKULL | 8 CRANIAL- 1FRONTAL,2TEMPORAL,2PARIETAL,1SPEHNOID,1OCCIPITAL,1ETHMOID 14 FACIAL- 2MAXILLA,2ZYGOMATIC,2PALATINE,2INFERIOR NASAL CONCHA,1MANDILBE,2LACRIMAL,2NASAL,1VOMER |
NAME & LOCATE THE BONES OF THE SHOULDER/PECTORAL GIRDLE | 2SCAPULA,2CLAVICLE FORM: |
NAME & LOCATE THE BONE OF THE ARM | 2HUMERUS |
NAME & LOCATE THE BONES OF THE FOREARM | 2RADIUS,2ULNA |
NAME & LOCATE THE BONES OF THE HAND | 16CARPAL, 10METACARPAL, 28PHALANX |
NAME & LOCATE THE BONES OF THE PELVIC GIRDLE | 2HIPBONE |
NAME THE BONES OF THE COXA | ANTERIOR- ILLIUM, PUBIS POSTERIOR- ISCHIUM |
NAME & LOCATE THE BONES OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN | 7CERVIAL, 12THORACIC, 5LUMBAR 1SACRUM, 1COCCYX |
NAME & LOCATE THE BONES OF THE THIGH | 2FEMUR |
NAME & LOCATE THE BONES OF THE LEG | 2TIBIA, 2FIBULA, 2 PATELLA |