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Nerve Roots

Dermatomes, Myotomes, Reflexes, and Paresthetic Areas

Nerve RootDermatomeMyotomeReflexes AffectedParesthesias
C1 Vertex of skull None None None
C2 Temple, forehead, occiput Longus colli, sternocleidomastoid, rectus capitis None None
C3 Entire neck, posterior cheek, temporal area, prolongation foreward under mandible Trapezius, splenius capitis None Cheek, side of neck
C4 Shoulder area, clavicular area, upper scapular area Trapezius, levator scapulae None Horizontal band along clavicle and upper scapula
C5 Deltoid area, anterior aspect of entire arm to base of thumb Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, deltoid, biceps Biceps, brachioradialis None
C6 Anterior arm, radial side of hand to thumb and index finger Biceps, supinator, wrist extensors Biceps, brachioradialis Thumb and index finger
C7 Lateral arm and forearm to index, long, and ring fingers Triceps, wrist flexors (rarely, wrist extensors) Triceps Index, long, and ring fingers
C8 Medial arm and forearm to long, ring, and little fingers Ulnar deviators, thumb extensors, thumb adductors (rarely, triceps) Triceps little finger alone or with two adjacent fingers; not ring or long fingers, alone or together (C7)
T1 Medial side of forearm to base of little finger elbow flexion with arm horizontal, scapulae forward and backward on chest wall, neck flexion None None
T2 Medial side of upper arm to medial elbow, pectoral and midscapular areas Scapulae moving foreward and backward on chest wall, neck flexion None None
T3-T12 T3-T6, upper thorax; T5-T7, costal margin; T8-T12, abdomen and lumbar region None None None
L1 Back, over trochanter and groin None None Groin; after holding posture which causes pain
L2 Back, front of thigh to knee Psoas, hip adductors None Occasionally anterior thigh
L3 Back, upper buttock, anterior thigh and knee, medial lower leg Psoas, quadriceps, thigh atrophy Knee jerk sluggish, prone knee bend positive, pain on full SLR Medial knee, anterior lower leg
L4 Medial buttock, lateral thigh, medial leg, dorsum of foot, big toe Tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis SLR limited, neck flexion pain, weak or absent knee jerk, side flexion limited Medial aspect of calf and ankle
L5 Buttock, posterior and lateral thigh, lateral aspect of leg, dorsum of foot, medial half of sole, first, second, and third toes Extensor hallucis, peroneals, gluteus medius, dorsiflexors, hamstring and calf atrophy SLR limited one side, neck flexion painful, ankle decreased, crossed-leg raising pain Lateral aspect of leg, medial three toes
S1 Buttock, thigh, and leg posterior Calf and hamstring, wasting of gluteals, peroneals, plantar flexors SLR limited, Achilles reflex weak or absent Lateral two toes, lateral foot, lateral leg to knee, plantar aspect of foot
S2 Buttock, thigh, and leg posterior Calf and hamstring, wasting of gluteals, plantar flexors SLR limited, Achilles reflex weak or absent Lateral leg, knee, and heel
S3 Groin, medial thigh to knee None None None
S4 Perineum, ganitals, lower sacrum Bladder, rectum None Saddle area, genitals, anus impotence, massive posterior herniation
Created by: Ouster87
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