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Chapter 28
The Holocaust
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was a ghetto | A ghetto is part of a city where a minority group lives, due to social, legal or economic pressure. |
| What were Einsatzgruppen | Einsatzgruppen were special mobile killing squads that followed the German army east and performed mass executions of ‘anti-German elements’. |
| What was 'The final Solution' | The Final Solution was the Nazis’ official plan to exterminate the Jewish population of Europe. |
| Explain the term Holocaust | The Nazi attempt to systematically wipe out Europe’s entire Jewish population. |
| Explain the term Shoah | Hebrew word meaning ‘catastrophe’, used to refer to the Holocaust |
| Explain the term ghetto | A part of a city where a minority group lives, due to social, legal or economic pressure |
| How did the Nazis target the Jewish people before World War II? | Before the outbreak of war, the Nazis targeted the Jewish people using the discriminatory Nuremberg Laws from 1935 onwards and the event known as Kristallnacht in 1938. |
| How many Jews lived in Nazi-occupied Europe? | Over eight million Jews lived in Nazi-occupied Europe. |
| What was decided at the Wannsee Conference? | The Wannsee Conference is where the method of ‘the Final Solution’ was decided in January 1942. |
| What were concentration camps? Name the countries where they were located. | At first, concentration camps were forced labour camps, but from 1942 special extermination camps (death camps) were also constructed. Examples: Dachau in Germany; Auschwitz-Birkenau in Poland |
| What happened to people in the concentration camps? | In concentration camps people were dehumanised. Their belongings were taken from them on arrival and anybody who was unwell or unable to work was killed immediately. Women, men and children were separated. Prisoners’ heads were shaved and each hadano. |
| Describe the liberation of the camps. | Soviet soldiers were the first Allies to encounter concentration camps They found Majdanek camp in Poland ,Auschwitz was liberated in January 1945. British, , American and French troops also liberated camps. By May , all 20,000 camps had been liberated |
| What were the results of the Holocaust? | An estimated six million Jews were killed; millions of others were systematically killed, including Poles and other Slavic people, LGBT people, communists and prisoners of war; generations were wiped out; large-scale emigration by Jewish survivors |
| After World War II, Jewish people strove to establish the state of Israel. Why do you think they did this? | Jewish religious belief is that God promised the land of Israel to the Jewish people. They had experienced persecution in Europe but the Holocaust was such a shattering trauma that the idea of a Jewish state as a permanent, safe homeland became urgent |
Created by:
JMahango
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