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World Wars Fin.

QuestionAnswer
Schlieffen Plan In case of war, Germany would attack France, then Russia. Then would envelope the countries with their armies and attack on the rear/flanks. Created by Field Marshal Alfren von Schlieffer.
No Man's Land Area of land between two enemy trench systems. Not controlled by either side. -If entered, you would be met with machine-gunfire.
1st Battle of Marne September 6th-12th, 1914. France and Britain advanced on Germany. They saved the capital city of Paris from capture. -Started the use of trenches.
Propoganda Exploited stories of rape, mutilation, and murder by Germans against the prisoners. Their barbarity was emphasized as a way to justify the war.
Plan XVII Planned French offensive into Alsace and Lorraine. Used to stall German offensive. Failed because it vastly underestimated the size of German invasion forces. -Started August 17, 1914. Created by Joseph Joffre.
Trench Warfare Type of combat in which the opposing sides attack, counterattack, and defend from relatively permanent systems of trenches dug into the ground. -Slowed down the war. Caused disease.
League of Nations International organization, located in Switzerland , created after WWI to provide a forum for resolving international dispute. -Within 2 decades it failed.
Bolsheviks The party that seized power in Russia in the October Revolution of 1917. Then signed a treaty with Germany, giving up lots of land to appease them and focus on interval issues. -Leader was Lenin.
John J. Pershing Served as commander of the American Expeditionary Forces in WWI. Helped defeat the Central Powers in 1918. A.K.A. Black Jack.
Saarland First established as a distinct political entity in 1920 after WW1. Formerly part of Germany, then used under the administration of the League of Nation for 15 years. -Later returned to Germany.
Franz Ferdinand Was to rule Austria-Hungary, however his assassination led to WW1. -Bosnian Serb, a terrorist group from Serbia, had killed him.
Sussex Pledge May 4, 1916. German government agreed to give adequate warning before sinking merchant and passenger ships and to provide safety of passengers and crew.
Ferdinand Foch French leader who served as supreme commander of the Allied armies during the final months. Had a key role in the negotiation of the Treaty of Versailles. -Became a symbol of resistance for defense against the German invasion on the Western front.
Pre-WWI Tensions Colonial competition, creation of alliances caused imbalances, ocean control, nationalistic pride. -Imperialism, nationalism, militarism.
Powder Keg Refers to the small events that set of WWI. Need for expansion among major European countries (i.e. the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire). -Alliances, imperialism, militarism, nationalism, and the assassination.
Armistice A formal agreement of warning parties to end fighting. -Armistice Day: Nov. 11, 1918. Signed between the Germans & Allies, ending WWI. -Marshal of France Ferdinand Foch, with Allies and Germany, inside of Foch's private railway car at Compagnie, France.
Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941. Surprise aerial attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor on Oahu Island, Hawaii. -Led to U.S. entry into WWII.
Who was/were the military leader for Germany? Adolf Hitler.
Who was/were the military leader for UK? Military- Bernard Montgomery. Government- Winston Churchill.
Who was/were the military leader for Soviets? Military- Georgy Zhukov. Government- Joseph Stalin.
Who was/were the military leader for France? Military- Charles de Gaulle. Government- Philippe Petain.
Who was/were the military leader for U.S.? Military- Douglas MacArthur/ Dwight D. Eisenhower. Government- Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Battle of the Bulge December 16, 1944 to January 25, 1945. Located in Nazi Germany, Belgium, and Luxembourg. The last major German offensive campaign. -Fuel shortages and bad weather disrupted German supply lines, which led to an Allied Victory.
Stalingrad August 23, 1942 to February 2, 1943. Located in Russia. Won by the Soviet Union against a German offensive that attempted to take the city of Stalingrad. -Turning point for the Allied power.
Patton A general in the U.S. Army who commanded the Seventh Army in the Mediterranean Theater of WWII. -Led corps and armies from North Africa, to Sicily, to Europe.
Nazi Party Political organization that ruled Germany through murderous, totalitarian means from 1933 to 1945. Party under the rule of Adolf Hitler.
Benito Mussolini Italian dictator. Allied himself with Adolf Hitler. The 1939 Pact of Steel formalized the relationship between Mussolini and Hitler.
Joseph Stalin After Hitler renounced the non-aggression pact with the two countries (Soviet Union and Germany), Stalin decided to fight with the Western Allies. -As war leader, he maintained close personal control over the Soviet battlefronts and military reserves.
Adolf Hitler Dictator of Germany. Initiated the European theater of WWII by invading Poland on September 1, 1939. -Worked against the terms of the Treaty of Versailles by re-arming and re-building the German army. -Germany surrendered after Hitler's suicide.
Give the date of D-Day. List the 5 beaches that Allied Powers landed on. June 6th, 1944. -Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno, and Sword.
List at least 5 new weapons developed for WWI. Tanks, U-boats, machine guns, poison gas, and warplanes.
Name the 5 harsh provisions that the Treaty of Versailles put on Germany. Pay financial reparations, disarm, lose territory, report to the League of Nations, and accept guilt of war.
What cities were the A-bombs dropped on, what planes carried them and what were the names of the bombs? Hiroshima, 1st- Little Boy- Enola Gay (USAAF B-29 bomber) Nagasaki, 2nd- Fat Man- Bockscar (Boeing B-29 Superfortress)
Created by: OliviaRoark
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