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Principals#2

QuestionAnswer
What are limitations of absolute & comparative advantage theories (5) 1,government restrictions 2,economies of scale 3,heterogenity of companies 4,international shipping & insurance costs 5,complexity of goods and services
What are two premises of Factor Proportions Theory 1,countries differ in the type & quantity of production factors that they possess (like Land,Labor or Capital) 2,products differ in the types & quantities of factos for their production
Describe product life cycle theory (3) 1,Launch new products are producted in the firm´s country of origin 2,Maturation production moves to foreing markets with high demand 3,Standardisation Production costs are now the focus
What are reactive (push) motives of internationalization (2) 1,Market pressures increasing competition,cost in domestic market or decreasing demand 2,Capacity-related factors over-production at home
What are proactive (pull) motives of internationalization (4) 1,Market Seeking motives increase global market share 2,Resource Seeking motives undertaken to control location bound natural resources 3,Efficiency Seeking motives cost reduction 4,Strategic-asset Seeking motives to accumulate skill,asset,..
Describe Uppsala Model (3) 1,firm start at domestic markets 2, then start to export & move "small acctivities" into international markets 3,lastly expand from near forein market & later on far foreign market
What are limitation of Uppsala Model (2) 1,recently time for key strategic decision was drasticly reduced 2,so firstly establishing strong position on origin market may be failing strategy
What do current starts-up they expand internationally as soon as possible, because of reduced cost of communication "leapfrog"
Describe Global Factory theory (2) 1,companies "optimalize" their activities 2,offshoring(relocation) & outsourcing(getting from other company)
What are 3 condition to firm to internationalize (Dunning´s eclectic paradigm) 1,Ownership advantages firm already owns "know-how" & have "resources" that cant be transfered to other companies 2,Location advantage location have specific benefits 3,Internalization advantage it is financly profitable
Who & when introduced 1,Factor proportions theory 2,International Product life cycle theory 3,Internalization theory 1,Factor proportions theory Heckscher & Ohlin, 1920 2,International Product life cycle theory Vernon, 1966 3,Internalization theory Buckley & Casson, 1976
In International Product life cycle theory describe timelapse of 1,advance economy that first invented product 2,other advance economy 3,developing economy 1,Inventor launch export product & after standardization import 2,advance economy first imports product, after matura phase export & then import again 3, developing economy after mature phase imports product & after standardization exports
Who & when introduced Uppsala model & extendet uppsala model 1,Johanson & Vahlne, 1977 2,Johanson & Vahlne, 2009
What is revised Upssala model (3) 1, relationships between companies makes company continuesly expand 2, increasing networks offers knowledge, opprtunities & position to the firm 3,firms without strategic networks have liabilt of outsidership
Explain Internalization theory (2) 1, process by which firms acquire and retain one or more value-chain activities inside the firm 2,minimize the disadvantage of dealing with external partners & allow greater controll over foreign operation
Describe GVC-Global value chains (2) 1,GVC allows to manucature & assemble a product in more than one country 2, process allows flow of know-how into middle- & low-income countries
Created by: semester1.IBWL
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