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Declare Independence
British Policies, colonial concerns and Declaration of Independence
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| British Policies | actions by government |
| What was the French and Indian war? | Britain went to war with France (1754), France lost the war and surrendered its colonies such as Canada and Ohio River to British rule. This war created debt (borrowed money for war) and England decided to tax the American colonies to get out of debt. |
| British colonial policies | British policies towards the American colonies |
| What did the British do to the American colonies that made them upset? | The Parliament passed a series of laws to tax the colonies without their consent. |
| Colonial concerns | Because it took so long for the ships to bring the King's instructions from England, the colonies created their own self-governance. This means that they had a casual relationship with England because of England's neglect. (England was preoccupied with it |
| What taxes were passed to the American Colonies by the British? | The Stamp Act Declaratory Act Townshend Acts Quartering Act Tea Act Intolerable Act |
| The Stamp Act | The first tax imposed on the American colonies by the British without the colonies consent. Every official document, newspaper, or pamphlet required an expensive stamp. The colonies rebelled towards the taxation and the British withdrew it (canceled it). |
| Declaratory Act | In this act, Parliament insisted on passing laws that applied to the colonies without the colonies approval. |
| Townshend Act | These acts placed taxes on paper, paint, glass, lead and tea. They withdrew this act after the American colonists grew upset but replaced it with the Tea Act. |
| Quartering Act | This act gave the British government the right to quarter or allow British troops to live on private American colonies citizen’s properties such as barns and homes. |
| Tea Act | The British placed a new tax on tea shipped from India. The colonists were still upset and dressed as American Indians and boarded the ships that brought the tea and threw the chest of tea in the harbor (Boston Tea Party) |
| Intolerable Act | The British were angry about the Boston Tea Party and passed this act for the destruction of their property. This act closed down Boston Harbor and shut down Massachusetts legislators until tea was paid for. |
| What events occurred to make the American colonies declare Independence or causes of the American Revolution? (Timeline) | - Britain's in debt (French and Indian war) - British policies (Taxes e.g: Stamp Act) - Colonist concerns (No taxation without representation e.g:Boston Tea Party,Boycotting) - British responses (Acts e.g:Quartering Act) - American colonist declared t |
| What were the British policies? | The British placed acts such as Stamp Act, Townshend Act, Tea Duty (British taxed colonists without consent) |
| How did the American colonies respond to these taxes? (colonist concerns) | They Boycotted or did not pay the taxes, petitioned the Parliament, Boston Tea Party, Continental Congress (“Taxation without representation is Tyranny!”) |
| How did the British react to the colonist's concerns? (British responses) | The British punished the colonist uprising by adding the Quartering Act, Declaratory Act, Intolerable Act. Then they shot at the colonists at Lexington and Concord. |
| Continental Congress | Delegates from twelve of Britain's thirteen American colonies met to discuss America's future under growing British aggression. They formed their own army and chose George Washinton to command it (Second Continental Congress). |
| What list of events occurred after the British responses to end with the Declaration of Independence? | -Thomas Paine’s Pamphlet “Common Sense” (He told colonist to seek independence) - King George III refused the compromise - Second Continental Congress approves independence |
| What were the main ideas of the Declaration of Independence? | Preamble (Introduction): People have unalienable rights (life,liberty,the pursuit of happiness) (similar to Natural Law) Governments are “instituted” (formed) to protect those rights above (Similar to Social Contract) Government get those right from agr |
| What was the American colonist's list of complaints against the British? | King imposed taxes without consent Quartering soldiers Suspending trial by jury Limited judicial powers Dissolved Legislatures |
| Preambles | Introduction or the first part of a document |
| Tyrannical | One who oppresses the people |
| Right of resistance to tyrannical government | The right to overthrow any government that was harsh or controlling and did not protect their natural rights |
| Colonial grievances | Complaints from the colonist |
| Unalienable rights | Not capable of being taken away or separated (life, liberty and pursuit to happiness) |
| Endowed by their creator | Given (endowed) by their God (creator) |
| Life, liberty and pursuit of happiness (Natural Law) | Our right to live freely and to seek our own goals |
| Limited Government (Social Contract) | A government with limited powers |
| Quartering soldiers | Putting British soldiers in colonial barns and homes |
| Dissolving legislatures | Ordering colonist legislature (law makers) to shut down |
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