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PULJU - OGT - HIS D
***Pulju OGT study cards - HISTORY D
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Nationalism | Extreme national pride led to plans for expansion and a willingness to fight. |
Imperialism | Western nations competed for the power and wealth that the colonies in Asia and Africa brought to them, which led to anger and grudges among Western nations. |
Militarism | Nations armed themselves, making an armed conflict quicker to start with more lethal results. |
Systems of alliances | Nations signed mutual defense agreements with some of their neighbors; when one member fought , they all fought |
League of Nations | An international organization was formed to allow nations to discuss problems and prevent war; the U.S. did not join. |
Depression | A worldwide depression started in the decade after the end of the war. |
Disarmament | Losing nations were forced to disarm; they resented it and defied the order. |
Dictators | after the war and during the Depression strong leaders(for example, Adolph Hitler) gained power in many nations. |
nationalism | idea that your national culture and interests are superior to any other |
militarism | Glorifying military power and keeping an army always ready for war. |
Allied Powers | Great Britain, France, Russia |
Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire |
"Spark" that started WWI | Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand |
U-boats | German weapon that threatened US and allied ships |
Germany | Treaty of Versailles was very harsh for this country |
neutral | US position at the start of WWI and WWII |
reparations | payment for damages after a war |
Hitler | WWII Leader of Germany |
Mussolini | WWII leader of Italy |
Mein Kampf, "My Struggle" | Book written by Hitler |
Poland | Hitler's invasion of this country started WWII |
USA and Soviet Union | Super powers of the Cold War After WWII |
Democracy | rule by the people |
Communism | all rule and ownership by the government |
Iron Curtain | Europe's division into democratic western and communistic eastern Europe. |
containment policy | Efforts to stop the spread of communism |
Marshall Plan | giving money to European countries to help boost economies for democracies |
NATO | Alliance created to protect the west from communism |
Berlin Wall | built to keep people from leaving east Germany |
Cuba | became communist under Castro; near USA |
nuclear war | Cuban Missile Crisis brought us close to this |
Aggression/Expansion | Both Germany and Japan sought to take control of other countries by force and intimidation. |
Appeasement | Britain chose to give in to (appease) Hitler's conquest of Czechoslovakia and Austria. |
Revenge | Germany sought revenge against the Allies for the harsh terms of surrender after WW I. |
Cost in deaths/dollars | 55 million people killed. European nations and Japan sustained millions of dollars in damage. |
Losing Nations | Germany and Japan were defeated and placed under Allied control. |
Marshall Plan | The U.S. rebuilt Germany and Europe and also rebuilt Japan under the leadership of General Douglas Mac Arthur. |
United Nations | The U.N. was formed to prevent future wars and aggression. |
Israel | The state of Israel was formed as a homeland for Jews. |
Name the four European causes of war | Nationalism, Imperialism, Militarism, Alliance system |
Where was the assassination that started World War One? Who was assassinated? | Bosnia;Archduke Franz Ferdinand |
What part or the war caused starvation in Germany? | The British Blockade |
How did the U.S. get past the German U-boats on the way to Europe? | Convoy system |
What was the purpose of the Selective Service Act? | To meet the governments need for more fighthing power |
Name all new weapons used in WWI? | machine guns, airplanes, Posion gas, grenades, subs, and tanks |
What major country suffered the fewest casualties during World War 1? | United States |
What major country suffered the most casualities during World War 1? | Russia |
Name 4 countries that were known as the "Big Four" at the peace treaty meetings. | France, U.S., Great Britain, Italy Allies |
Who was against Wilson's 14 points plan for peace? | U.S. Senate |
Why didn't the Senate like the idea of joining the Leauge of Nations? | Isolationsim- threatened US foreign policy by being dragged into another foreign war |
Name the policy we had at the beginning of the war | Neutrality |
Nationalism | Devotion to interests, culture, of ones nation |
Militarism | Devolpment of armed forces, their use in diplamacy |
Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hugary, Ottoman Empire |
What caused the fighting between Autria-Hungary and Serbia to become a World war? | Secret Alliiances |
Selective Service Act | Men register randomly chosen for service |
What major gain did women get after WWI | The right to vote-19th ammendment |
The biggest problem with the Treaty of Versailles | It humiliated Germany and made it so there was no way they could repay for the war damages |
How did the Espionage and Sedection Acts affect free speech? | did not allow people to talk or write about the war or you could be put in jail |
Three members of the Triple Entente | France, Britian and Russia |
The 3 major members of the Central Powers | Germany, Austir-Hungary, Ottoman Empire |
dictator | an absolute or total ruler who seizes control of the gov't |
fascism | a political gov't that puts the needs of the nation above the needs of an individual |
communism | promised a society in which property would be shard be everyone |
police state | a country in which the gov't has total control over people and uses secret police to find and punish people who rebel or protest |
aggression | warlike action such as an invasion or attack |
genocide | the planned killing of a race of people |
holocost | the Nazi killing of the Jewish people in WWII |
concentration camp | a prision where the enemies of the German gov't were gathered involuntarily |
crematoriun | ovens used to burn the bodies of death camp victams |
black shirts | the secret police or Nazi political police |
getto | an enclosed and restricted area of a city in which Jews were required to live |
SS | Hitler's personal guards, also known as the Black Shirts |
Poland | Auschwitz was the largest concentration camp in this country |
Dachau | the first concentration camp established in Munich in 1933 |
resistance | underground organization engaged in a struggle for liberation |
David | the six pointed star used as a symbol Germans forced Jews to wear for indentification |
Gestapo | elite SS spies |
Cold War | War without a fight between Russia & U.S. to see who could reach the moon and build up nuclear weapons |
Civil Rights Movement | movement to ensure all Americans had basic everyday rights |
Federal Reserve | manages nation's economy by raising( to get people to save) and lower (to get people to spend) |
New Deal | FDR's plan to combat the great depression |
Treaty of Versailles | ended WWI -put all the blame on Germany |
Civil disobedience | legal form of protest to bring about government change |
Red Scare | fear of the spread of communism |
Berlin wall | imaginary line in Europe that separates the communist countries |
Marshall Plan | U.S. program to rebuild Europe after WWII |
Truman doctrine | policy to help support free people around the world |
1993 NAFTA | this organization worked for free trade around the world, western hemishpere |
to work in factories | the reason that farmers moved to cities from the farms |
Bay of Pigs | U.S. invasion of Cuba to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro |
Failed | What happened to the invasion of Cuba known as the Bay of Pigs |
Used oil to pay back debts | In 1970 Mexico's increased prosperity was a result of this |
Cuban-Missle Crisis | Soviet Union planted missles in Cuba pointed at the US; the US had missles in Turkey pointed at the Soviet Union |
Fidel Castro | Young lawyer; in 1956 he a began a Guerilla movement against Bastia. – becomes the leader of communist cuba |
John F. Kennedy | US president who adopted a dymanic foreign policy to impress the Soviet Union with American strength |
Soviet Union | the country that Castro turned to for help |
Containment | the post- World War II policy of the US to limit communist espansion to areas already controlled by the Soviet Union |
Pearl Harbor | Japan's attack of U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii on Dec. 7, 1941 prompted the U.S. to enter WW II. |
Assassinated | Killing or murdering someone by surprise, especially a political leader or other public figure. |
Heir | someone who inherits the property, position, or title of another simply because he or she is related to that person. |
Ottoman Empire | an area stretching from present day Turkey to southern Europe and from the Middle East to North Africa. |
continent | one of the 7 large land masses in the world |
nationalism | loyalty to one's own nation or country; especially putting one nation above all others, with major emphasis on promotion of its culture and interests |
Cold War | a term used to refer to the stare of tension an hostility between the US and the soviet Union for four decades after WWII |
totalitarian | a political system in which the state, or the governing branch of the state, holds absolute authority, not allowing any opposition group |
militarism | the principle or policy of maintaining a large military establishment |
reparations | compensation (money) payable by a defeated country to another country for loss suffered during or as a result of war |
appeasement | policy of giving into an aggressor's demands in order to keep the peace |
containment | a policy aimed at controlling the spread of communism around the world |
Cold War | a state of political tension and military rivalry between nations that stops short of full-scale war |
communism | theoretical economic system characterized by the collective ownership of property and by the organization of labor for the common advantage of all members |
Treaty of Versailles | Treaty signed after WWI imposing reparations on Germany. They also took full blame for the war. |
conscientious objector | refusal on moral or religious grounds to bear arms in a military conflict or to serve in the armed forces |
United Nations | an international organization composed of most of the countries of the world; it was founded in 1945 to promote peace, security, and economic development – This new organization was an upgrade form of the League of nations |
Korean War | Fought in the 1950's by the U.S. to contain communism. |
Vietnam War | Fought in the 1960's and 1970's by the U.S. to contain communism. |
Cold War | A time of political tension and military rivalry between the U.S. and the Soviet Union following WW II. |