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SCI Functional Table

Functions Possible at Various Levels of SCI

Nerve RootKey Muscles InnervatedKey Movements AvailableADL SummaryW/C MobilityTransfers & Gait
C1-C3 Face & Neck Mouth & Head Talking; Chewing; Sipping; Blowing Powered w/c with breath or chin control; Ventilator Total dependence; Respirator
C4 Diaphragm; Trapezius Respiration; Scapular elevation Increased ability to use assistive devices that utilize scapular/head and mouth movement Power w/c with mouth or chin control Total dependence
C5 Biceps; Deltoid Elbow flexion; Shoulder external rotation; Shoulder abduction to 90 degrees Self feeding; Some self care with UE assistive devices Powered w/c with hand controls; Limited manual w/c propulsion Can assist with transfers
C6 Pectoralis Major; Extensor carpi radialis; Teres Major Shoulder flexion; Wrist extension Tenodesis grasp; Bed mobility with rails; Independent with pressure relief weight shifts Independent with manual w/c projections; Will likely still use power w/c due to fatigue May be independent with sliding board transfers
C7 Triceps; Latissimus dorsi; Extrinsic finger extensors; Flexor carpi radialis Elbow extension; Wrist flexion; Finger extension Indepedent living possible; Independent with: lateral push-up pressure relief; LE dressing; LE self-ROM Independent transfers Independent manual w/c propulsion
C8-T1 FLexor carpi ulnaris; Extrinsic and intrinsic hand muscles Full innervation of upper extremities Full independence in activities requiring primarily UE use Negotiation of 2-4 inch curbs and wheelis in w/c Independent in w/c transfers
T1-T8 Top half of intercostals Improved respiratory control Full independence in activities requiring primarily UE use with improved respiratory and trunk control Negotiation of 6 inch curb T6-T8 physiological standing with orthoses in parallel bars
T9-T12 Abdominal Good trunk control Independence in all ADLs from a w/c level Independent Household ambulation with bilateral KAFOs and assistive device
T12 N/A Good trunk control Independence in all ADLs from a w/c level Will use w/c for primary means of mobility Community ambulation with bilateral KAFOs and assistive device; No hip flexor function
L1-L2 Quadratus lumborum; Iliopsoas and sartorius Hip hiking; Weak hip flexion Independence in all ADLs from a w/c level Will use w/c for primary means of mobility Can be independent in community ambulation with bilateral KAFOs and assistive devices
L3-L5 L3-L4 iliopsoas strong; L4-L5 quadricep, medial hamstrings strong Hip flexion; Knee extension Independence in all ADLs from a w/c level Will use w/c for primary means of mobility; May continue to use w/c for efficient mobility Ambulation with bilateral AFOs and canes possible; No gluteus maximus function
S1-S2 Plantar flexors; Gluteus maximus Plantar flexion; Hip extension Independence in all ADLs from a w/c level Will use w/c for primary means of mobility; May continue to use w/c for efficient mobility May ambulate with articulated AFOs
Created by: sueswes@aol.com
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