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EKG Tech

Heart Monitor Practice Test

TermDefinition
Premature Atrial Complex (PAC) Individual Complex that occurs earlier than next expected complex. P waves- different in size, may be merged w/ T wave, or hidden under it. (T wave will look different than other) ***Depends ***Followed by a pause before rhythm returns
Bigeminy of PVC's Every other QRS complex in a rhythm is a premature ventricular complex. (PVC) QRS-unifocal or mulifocal *Had delta little looking waves and every other QRS is flipped upside-down.
Sinus Brady P waves- Upright (a little) before QRS complex PR- 0.12-0.20 QRS- less than .12 HR- slower than 60 P-P & R-R (same size)
Premature Junctional (PJC) Occurs Earlier than expected followed by pause. Not a true rhythm P waves- inverted, hidden or retrograde ***PR-if seen, less than 0.12 QRS- less than 0.12 HR- P-P & R-R (Vary depending on rhythm)
Sinus Arrhythmia P waves- Upright (a little) before QRS complex PR- 0.12-0.20 QRS- less than 0.12 HR- 60-100 ***P-P & R-R- IRREGULAR (Change with respirations) *Heart rate 6- second method is best to determine HR
Junctional Escape Rhythm P waves- Retro, hidden, or upside PR- Vary QRS-less than 0.12 HR-40 ****Looks like a Normal Sinus Rhythm except for a "Premature" beat is seen. But Sinus has no Premature beats so its either atrial or junctional depending on p wave shape.
Wandering Atrial Pacemaker Originates from at least 3 different sites above the bundle of his, involves any pace maker. P waves- lets you know location. PR- usually 0.12-0.20, varies by location of pace maker. QRS- vary HR-60-100 P-P & R-R (vary)
Supra ventricular Tachycardia (SVT) P waves- normal before QRS, may be hidden under T wave PR- 0.12-0.20 QRS- less than 0.12 HR- 151-250 or more P-P & R-R (same size)
Atrial Flutter P waves- None. **F waves instead **Saw-Toothed F to QRS- 2:1 ration, etc.. **QRS- not present for every F wave, less than 0.12 if any (regular) HR- 60-100<-- measured by QRS AR-250-350<-- measured by F waves R-R (Vary) <--6 sec strip
3rd Degree Heart Block When atria and ventricles both work independently as pace makers. **P waves- shows they change length but they do not really. PR- No true PR occurs **QRS- Wide, longer than 0.12 HR- 20-40 AH- 60-100 P-P & R-R (look equal, but not to each other.)
Torsades de Pointes Looks Similar to Ventricular Tachycardia "WW", but has no pattern, is very random, and sides get smaller. P waves- Rarely seen PR- Not measurable QRS- Wide, Bizarre, longer than 0.12 HR- more than 150 HR R-R (Regular or slightly irregular)
Normal Sinus P waves- round (look same) PR- 0.12-0.20 QRS- less than 0.12 (look same) HR-60-100 P-P & R-R (same size)
Sinus Tachycardia P waves- Upright (a little) before QRS complex, May be hidden if fast HR under T wave. PR- 0.12-0.20 QRS- less than 0.12 HR- 101-150 P-P & R-R (same size)
Bundle Branch Block (BBB) Impulse takes detour. "Rabbit Ears"<-- look like a delta dent in QRS P waves- Vary PR-Vary **QRS- more than 0.12 (Wider) HR-Vary P-P & R-R (Vary on Rhythm)
Accelerated Idioventricular dysrhythmia (AIVR) *looks alike a sharp p, and low Q with. Like a V, but other side is not as steep. P waves-not present PR- Not measurable QRS- gradually decreases in amplitude, greater than 0.12, wide HR- 41-100 P-P & R-R (irregular)
Ventricle Tachycardia Look like "WWWWW" P waves- Not usually present PR- Not measurable QRS- Wide, Bizarre, longer than 0.12 HR- 101-250 R-R (Regular, slightly irregular)
ST Elevation the S wave and T wave are higher then the p wave. has to be more than one small box above baseline.
Ventricle Fibrillation (V-Fib) Chaotic Wavy line on monitor. (No pattern) P waves- Not present PR- Not Present QRS- Not Present HR- Not Measurable P-P & R-R (Not Present)
Atrial Fibrillation (A Fib) P waves and PR- No true waves exist because of quivering QRS- less than 0.12 HR- 60-100 AH- 350-500 R-R (irregular and no pattern)<-- Give away
2nd Degree Type I Mobitz I, Wenckeback More P waves than QRS PR- BECOME LONGER IN RHYTHM until QRS is dropped PR **Greater than 0.20 QRS- less than 0.12 HR- Vary
2nd Degree Type II Mobitz II, Classic P waves- More p waves than QRS PR- Normal or a little longer (DOES NOT GET LONGER IN RHYTHM) QRS- is dropped suddenly, (Wide) HR- Varies P-P & R-R (Regular until QRS dropped)
Asystole Complete Lack of Electrical Activity in Heart. (No Pulse) Appears as a slightly wavy or straight linen screen. P waves- None PR- None QRS- None HR- P-P & R-R (None)
Paced Atrial Rhythm P waves-Spike is seen at beginning of P wave. You can see a line where the artificial pacer started the impulse.
Premature Ventricular Complex (PVC) Followed by a compository pause. You can measure by measuring R-R before and after PVC. Distance will be 2x more P waves- No P Wave when happening **QRS- Wide, bizarre looking, greater than 0.12 (Some appear Upside down) HR-Vary P-P & R-R (Vary)
Paced Ventricle Rhythm P waves- Spike QRS- usually greater than 0.12 looks downward P-P & R-R (regular) You can see the line where Artificial pacer started impulse.
Accelerated Junctional P waves- inverted, hidden, or retorgrade *PR- if present less than 0.12 QRS-less than 0.12 HR- 61-100 P-P & R-R (Regular)
Normal Rhythm Sinus Rhythm, SVT, Accelerated Junctional
Irregular Rhythm Sinus Arrhythmia, PAC, A-Fib, PJC, 2nd Degree type I, 2nd Degree type II, 3rd Degree HB, PVC, Idioventricular,
PAC **Normal Sinus Rhythm if not for that ONE irregular one w/ pause making it an irregular rhythm.
SVT **Confused with Sinus Tachycardia. Only its 150-250 and not 100-150 **Originates from above the bundle of his **Triggered by irritability in atria
Life Threatening 2nd Degree Type II, 3rd Degree HB, Ventricular Tachycardia, Ventricular Fibrillation, Asystole,
Junctional Inverted P wave (Upside down P wave) Buried P wave (Under QRS) Retrograde P wave (After QRS, close to J point)
Created by: judit4424
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