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International

Pruett International Section 2

TermDefinition
Ideologies Ideas, beliefs, and values about the nature of a political system and government.
Political Systems A couple of basic dimensions that citizens have relative to the government.
Individualism Freedom to pursue goals without constraint.
Collectivism Group goals/ needs may be more important than individual needs. (Fascism)
Socialism State or group ownership and control of institutions for common benefit, efficiency, and effectiveness.
Communism All productive activity is controlled by state. Private personal property exists to varying degrees.
Democracy Roots in ancient Greece where govt. is run by citizens directly or by elected reps. Have multiple political parties.
Totalitarianism One rep. party or group with great control. Censorship of press, weak individual rights, travel restriction, limits on outside influence.
China Converts state enterprises into corporations; some trade liberalization; more open, democratic, tolerant of freedom and dissent; state responsible for land ownership, housing, edu., and training;
Europe privatization and economic liberalization, political power variable and complex, connected economically, but differs culturally
The Middle East Strong role of religion in government in many countries, theocracy vs. secular government, ranges from democratic to authoritarian
Russia Long aftermath of communism and Soviet rule, Economic policy neglect and confusion, weak infrastructure complex politics, corruption (oligarchs forward), education and technological sophistication in many fields, concerned about West and China
Four Global Foundations of Law Islamic, Socialist, Common, Civil or Code
Islamic Law Interpret Koran and Mohammed, Hadith; sayings of Mohammad, body of scholarly interpretation
Socialist/Communist Law Based on communist theory Marx, Engels, individuals subservient to group, property subservient to state or state companies, weak/absent/different business law-impediment to foreign investment. Political constitutions often similar to U.S.
Common Law Based on English law. Magna Carta (1215) and forward. Governance through legislation, precedent matters.
Civil or Code Law Derived from Roman law. Career judges dominate application/interpretation. Found in: France, parts of Latin America, state of Louisiana
Basic Principle of International Law Sovereignty and Sovereign immunity. International Jurisdiction. Doctrine of Comity. Act of State Doctrine. Treatment and Rights of Aliens. Forum for Hearing and Settling Disputes.
Sovereignty and Sovereign Immunity principle Governments have the right to rule themselves as they see fit.
International Jurisdiction principle Every country has jurisdiction over its citizens no matter where they are located. National principle, Territoriality principle, Protective principle.
Doctrine of Comity There must be mutual respect for the laws, institutions, and government of other countries in the matter of jurisdiction over their own citizens
Act of State Doctrine All acts of other governments are considered to be valid by U.S. courts, even if such acts are illegal or inappropriate under U.S. law
Treatment and Rights of Aliens Countries may refuse to admit foreign citizens. deport them. impose special restrictions on their conduct, right of travel, where they can stay.
Forum for Hearing and Settling Disputes U.S. courts can dismiss cases brought by foreigners but they must examine issues like: location of the plaintiffs, where evidence must be gathered, where property to be used in restitution is located
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Illegal to influence foreign officials by: personal payment, political contribution.
Created by: sfrase
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