Pharm Exam I MC Word Scramble
|
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Question | Answer |
Pharmacokinetics | study of drug moevement throughout the body |
diffusion or passive transport | molecules move from higher to lower concentration & are usually small nonionized or lipid-soluble |
active transport | chemicals move against concentration or electrochemical gradient & usually large ioniezed or water-soluble molecules |
cotransport | movement of 2 or more chemicals across the membrane |
absorption | movement from site of administration across body membranes to circulating fluids |
affinity | attraction |
drug-protein complexes | binding reversibly to plasma proteins & never reaching target cell |
blood-brain & fetal-placenta barriers | are special anatomic barriers that prevent many chemicals & medications from entering |
biotransformation | or metabolism is how the drug is used by teh body & also changes it so that it can be excreted |
conjugates | side chains that makes drugs more water soluble & more easily excreted by the kidneys |
prodrugs | have no pharmacologic activity unless 1st metabolized to active form by the body |
enzyme induction | a drug increases metabolic activity in the liver |
1st-pass effect | oral drugs that enter hepatic-portal circulation |
pharmacodynamics | how medicine changes the body |
frequency-distribution curve | graphical representation of number of clients responding to drugs at different doses |
median effective dose | middle of frequency-distribution curve that produces therapeutic response in 50% of a group also known as average or standard dose |
ED50 | median effective dose |
LD50 | median lethal dose |
median lethal dose | used to assess safety of a drug & is lethal dose in 50% of group of animals |
therapeutic index | measure of a drug's safety margin. the higher the value the safer the drug |
calculating therapeutic index | median LD50 divided by median ED50 |
median toxicity dose | dose that will produce given toxicity in 50% of group of clients |
TD50 | median toxic dose |
graded-dose responses | graphically visualizes differences in responses to medications in a single patient |
phase 1 | occurs at lowest dose & few target cells affected by drug |
phase 2 | linear relationship & most desirable range |
phase 3 | plateau reached therefore increasing dose has no therapeutic effect & increased dose may produce adverse effects |
potency | produces a therapeutic effect at a lower dose compared with another drug in the same class |
efficacy | magnitude of maximal response that can be produced from a particular drug |
which is more important potency or efficacy? | efficacy |
nonspecific cellular response | caused by drugs that act independently of receptors |
angonists | produce greater maximal response, produce same response as endogenous substance & bind to receptor |
partial antagonists | bind to receptor & produce a weaker response than agonist |
antagonists | occupy receptors & prevent endogenous chemical from acting often compete with agonist for receptors |
functional antagonists | inhibit the effects of an agonist not by competing for a receptor but by changing pharmacokinetic factors |
idiosyncratic responses | unpredictable & unexplained drug reactions |
pharmacogenetics | are of pharmacology that examines the role of heredity in drug response |
Created by:
midnight1854
Popular Nursing sets