rock and fossils Word Scramble
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Question | Answer |
Uniformitarianism | the principle that states that the same geologic processes shaping the earth today have been at work through Earth's history. |
Catastrophism | The principle that states that all geologic change occurs suddenly. |
Relative Dating | Determining whether an object or event is older or younger than other objects or events. |
Superposition | The principle that states that younger rock lie above older rocks in undisturbed sequences. |
Geologic Column | an ideal sequence of rock layers that contain all the known fossils and rock formations on earth arranged from oldest to youngest. |
Unconformity | a surface that represents a missing part of the geologic column. |
Fault | a break in the earth's crust along which blocks of the crust slide relative to one another. |
Intrusion | when molten rock from the earth's interior squeezes into existing rock and cools |
Folding | When rock layers bend and buckle from earth's internal forces. |
Tilting | when internal forces in the earth slant rock layers without folding them. |
Deposition | When sediments are deposited and form rock layers. |
Disconformity | where part of a sequence of parallel rock layers is missing. |
Nonconformity | where sedimentary rock layers lie on top of an eroded surface of non-layered igneous or metamorphic rock. |
Angular Unconformity | between horizontal rock layers and rock layers that are tilted or folded. |
Absolute Dating | The process of establishing the age of an object, such as a fossil or rock layer, by determining the number of years it has existed. |
Isotopes | atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
Radioactive Decay | the process of unstable isotopes breaking down stable isotopes of other elements. |
Radiometric Dating | determining the absolute age of a sample based on the ratio of parent and daughter material. |
Half Life | the time it takes for one-half of a radioactive sample to decay. |
Uranium-Lead Method | Half life: 4.5 billion years for dating: more than 10 million years |
Potassium-Argon Method | half life: 1.3 billion years for dating: more than 100,000 |
Carbon-14 Method | half life: 5,730 years for dating: within last 50,000 years |
fossil | any naturally preserved evidence of life |
types of fossilization | 1. fossils in rock (mineral replacement) 2. Fossils in amber 3. mummification 4. frozen fossils 5. fossils in tar |
coprolites | dung stone |
mold | a cavity in the ground or rock where a plant or animal was buried |
cast | shows what the outside of the organism looked like |
trace fossils | any naturally preserved evidence of an animal's activity. |
index fossils | fossils of organisms that lived during a relatively short, well-defined time span |
Geologic time scale | scale that divides earth's 4.6 billion year history into distinct intervals of time. |
Geologic time scale (largest to smallest) | eon era period epoch |
precambrian time | 3 eons |
phanerozoic eon | cenozoic era mesozoic era paleozoic era |
cenozoic era | age of mammals |
Mesozoic era | age of dinosaurs |
Paleozoic era | age of first life forms in ocean then on land |
Created by:
anysiaali
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