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Chem 111-Unit 1

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
mega   1 x 10^6  
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kilo   1x10^3  
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deci   1x10^-1  
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centi   1x10^-2  
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milli   1x10^-3  
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micro   1x10-6  
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nano   1x10^-9  
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pico   1x10^-12  
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chemical change   changes into a different compound/element  
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physical change   alignment of molecules changes  
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potential energy   relates to position of an object  
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kinetic energy   relates to motion of an object  
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significant figures   all digits are significant except for 0s that are not measured- only there to hold the decimal place  
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exact numbers (when doing sig figs)   have no uncertainty- infinite # of sig figs  
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add'n/sub'n (when doing sig figs)   reported to the same decimal places as the least precise measurement  
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mult/div (when doing sig figs)   reported to the fewest total sig figs  
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both +/- AND */% (when doing sig figs)   order of operations!  
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precision   how closely you can repeat a measurement  
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accuracy   how close a measurement is to the actual value  
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systematic error   results from setup of experiment/measurement errors (all too high or all too low)  
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random error   unavoidable error that are not all too high or all too low  
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Z   atomic number- # of protons in the nucleus  
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isotope   differ by # if neutrons (which also changes the mass)  
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A   mass number- number of protons+number of neutrons  
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mass spectrometry   takes a sample- splits it based on mass & tells the relative percentage of each isotope in a sample  
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atomic mass unit   (aka Daltons) 1/12 of a Carbon-12 atom by weight  
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atomic mass   the weighted average of the masses of the naturally occurring isotopes based on their abundances in nature  
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frequency   ν (nu) cycles/second or sec^-1 or Hertz  
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wavelength   λ (lambda) meters, nanometers, picometers, angstroms  
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speed of light   2.998 x 10^8  
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refraction   when a light wave passes from one medium to another, the speed of the wave changes  
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diffraction   when a light wave strikes the edge of an object, it bends around it  
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constructive interference   when two waves come together and combine  
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destructive interference   when two waves come together and cancel one another out  
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blackbody radiation   different wavelengths depending on temperature  
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photoelectric effect   when you shine certain frequencies of light on an element, you can eject electrons- depending on the threshold of the element  
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atomic emission   different colors are emitted for different elements when current flows through it (very specific wavelengths for each element)  
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E= (modified to find wavelength)   hc/(lambda)  
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attractive forces   below 0  
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repulsive forces   above 0  
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high magnitude   atoms are close together (regardless of sign)  
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ground state   n=1  
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as n approaches infinity...   energy increases (but if negative, never crosses 0)  
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Created by: melaniebeale
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