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Review

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Mosquito Hemostat   To hold suture needle  
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"Buck" Ear curette   cerumen spoon; used to remove matter from ear canal, usually accumulated wax  
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Needle holder   To hold suture needle  
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Uterine tenaculum forceps   Used to hold tissue (cervix) for obtaining specimen or biopsy  
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Kelly Homostat   Straight and curved 6"- 7" in size; used to clamp blood vessels and bleeders  
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State the technique of unwrapping sterile items   Open a sterile pack and set up a sterile field- open pack without crossing sterile field  
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Technique of wrapping sterile items   Plac dry checked, sanitized and disinfected supplies and instruments inside the appropriate wrapping materials for sterilization and storage without contamination  
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Steps in setting up a sterile field   Check for dust and wet areas- Sanitize hands and completely dry- Place sterile pack on Mayo stand and read label- Check date and indicator tape  
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Humoral immunity   Creates specific antibodies to combat antigens  
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Cell- mediated immunity   Attacks the source of infection at the cellular level- white blood cells  
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Active- natural   form the antibodies  
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Active- artificial   given the antigen to form antibodies  
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Passive- natural   receving the antibodies- breast milk, umbilical cord, pregnancy  
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Passive- artificial   given the antibodies  
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Technique for application and removal of sterile gloves   To apply sterile gloves without contaminating them- To open glove pack is a sterile field; one inch boarder around perimeter is not sterile- glove dominant hand first- Sterile surfaces must always touch sterile surfaces  
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Types of sterilziation   Disinfection- kills pathogenic organisms- Sanitization- cleansing process; reduces number of microorganisms to a safe level  
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Indicators for successful sterilization   Diack tape; indicator strip  
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Absorbable sutures   Deep incisions- lacerations; catgut used on muscous membrane and SubQ tissue- chromic catgut coated w/ chromic salt; delays absorption up to 80 days- Synthetic absorbables: Vicryl, Dextron PDS, and Maxon  
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Nonabsorbable   Has to be removed- material silk, polyester, nylon- has elasticty and stiffness, require lots of knots  
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Staples   Stainless steel and titanium  
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Inflammation   A tissue reaction to trauma or disese thea include redness, heat and swelling  
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Infection   Invasion of body tissues by microorganisms which the reproduce and damage tissue  
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Laceration   Jagged, irregular breaking or tearing of tissue- caused by blunt trauma  
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Puncture   Piercing of the skin by an object- pin, nail, splinter, bullet  
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Abrasion   Superficial- scraping of the skin  
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Avulsion   Tissue forcibly torn or separated, caused by accidents  
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Surgical incision   Neat clean cut  
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Hypodermic puncture   injection under the skin  
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Contusion   Closed, blood from broken vessels accumulate in the skin  
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Incision   Neat clean cut from sharp objects- glass, knives, metal  
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Technique for medical aseptic handwashing and surgical scrub   To scrub hands with surgical soap, using friction, running water and sterile brush to sanitize the skin before assisting with any procedure that require surgical asepsis  
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OSHA   Occupational and Safety and Health Administration- developed 1970; became effective 1992  
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Infectious agent   virus, bacteria, fungus, protozoa, rickittsiae  
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Reservior host   person, object, animal, insect, soil, food  
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Port of entry   Nose, mouth, eyes, ears, vaginal, rectum, open wound  
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Means of transmission   Saliva, sweat, tic, blood, and body fluids  
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Port of exit   Same as entry  
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Susceptible host   Elders, infants, HIV patients- weak immune system  
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Methods of fire prevention in the medical facility   Exits are accessible and clearly marked- fire extinguishers charged and in proper location- ER lighting units and exit signs operable- Use and location of cords appropriate- Materials stored neatly without obstructing sprinkler heads- Excape plans clearly  
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Methods of fire prevention in the medical facitity   Flammable material stored away from heat- locations of stairwell clearly marked- Location of oxygen or other gas storage clearly marked- Smoke alarms identified, verified battery change every 6 mo.- Sprinklers, extinguishers, alarms checked every 6 mo.-  
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Methods of disposing hazardous waste   foot pedal and covered, next to regular garbage- red bags or bio-hazard symbol, only sharps in sharps containers, which are red or have a biohazard label  
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LEMA   Local Emergency Management Authority  
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Organizations to be notified in emergency preparedness and/ or natural disasters   EMS, fire department, law enforcement, ARC, National Gaurd  
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Methods of accident prevention   Proper body mechanics; face person/ item; bend at knees; push don't pull- check floors and hall for obstruction, cables and boxes- store supplies in cabinets, not on top- heavier items lower, clean up spill ASAP- use stool not chair- handrails-  
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Methods of accident pevention (cont.)   do not overload electrical outlets- perform routine safety checks  
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