The Digestive System
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Bile ** | Bitter, yellow-green secretion of the liver
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Amylase ** | Enzymes that breaks down starch into smaller carboydrate molecules
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Glucagon ** | Is a hormone
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Gavage ** | Liquid or semi-liquid food is introduced into the stomach through a tube
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Endocrine Gland ** | Gland that secretes enzymes directly into the blood capillaries instead of being transported by ducts
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Exocrien Gland ** | Gland that secretes enzymes into a network of tiny ducts that transport it to the surface of an organ or tissue into a vessel
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Chyme ** | Liquid like material of partially digested food and digestive secreations found in the stomach just before it is released into the deodenum
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Deciduous Teeth ** | Baby teeth
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Crown ** | Part of the tooth that is seen
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Gingiva or Gingivae ** | Gums are known as
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Enamel ** | Crown is covered in
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Digestion ** | Requires both chemical and physical changes
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Gastroenterologists ** | Physicians who apecializes in the G.I. Tract
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Dietitian ** | An allied health professional trained to plan nutrition programs for sick, as well as healthy people
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Defecation | Abnormal passageway in the skin near the anus usually connecting with the rectum
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Thrush | Fungal infection in the mouth and throat producing sore, creamy white, slightly raised curd-like patches on the tongue and other oral mucosal surfaces;
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Hernia | Irregular protrusion of tissue, organ ora portion of an organ through a break in the surrounding cavity's muscualar wall
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Aphthous Stomatis | Small non-infectious ulcerated lesions on lips, tongue and inside cheeks
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Gallstones | Pigmented or hardened cholesterol stones formed as a result of bile crystallization
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Dental Caries | Tooth decay caused by acid-forming microorganisms
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome | Increased motility of the small or large intestinal wall resulting in abdominal pain.
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Crohn's Disease | Chronic digestive tract inflammation that cuases fever, cramping, diarrhea, weight loss, anorexia and extreme swelling of the bowel and can lead to obstruction
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Hemorrhoids | Permanently distended veins in the distal rectum or anus
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Borborygmus | Audible abdominal sound caused by hyperactive intestinal peristalsis; can be heard with a stethoscope as a rumblingm, gurgling or tickling sound
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Abdominocentesis | Insertion of a needle into the peritoneal cavity to remove excess fluid
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Gastric Lavage | Irrigation or washing out of the stomach with sterile water or saline
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Colostomy | Surgical creation of a new opening on the abdominal wall through which feces will be expelled by bringing the incised colon out to the abdominal surface
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Cholecystectomy | Surgical removal of the gall bladder
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Oral Cholecystography | X-ray of the gall bladder following oral ingestion of pills containing radiopaque iodinated dye
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Small Bowel Follow Through | X-ray of small bowel taken at timed intervals to observe progression of a contrast medium
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Icterus | another name for jaundice
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Gastroesophageal Reflux | Back flow of stomach contents of the stomach into the esophagus
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Herniorrhaphy | Surgical hernia repair using sutures mesh or wire
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Achlorhydria | Absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice
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Emaciation | Excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutrition
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Dyspepsia | Vague epigastric discomfort after eating
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Ascites | Abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity
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Aphagia | Loss of swallowing ability
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Emesis | Material expelled from the stomach through the mouth with a characteristic belching sound
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Nausea | Unpleasant sensation often leading to the urge to vomit
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Pruritis Ani | Chronic condition of itching around the anus
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Deglutination | Swallowing
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Mastication | Chewing
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Absorption | Passage of digested food molecules into intestinal cells
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Vomitus | Emesis
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Steatorrhea | Greater than normal amounts of fat in the feces
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Anal Fistula | Abnormal passageway in the skin near the anus usually connecting with the rectum
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Flatulence | Air or gas in the intestine that is passed through the rectum
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Eructation | Bringing up air from the stomach through the mouth with a characteristic belching sound
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