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The Digestive System

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Question
Answer
Bile **   Bitter, yellow-green secretion of the liver  
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Amylase **   Enzymes that breaks down starch into smaller carboydrate molecules  
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Glucagon **   Is a hormone  
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Gavage **   Liquid or semi-liquid food is introduced into the stomach through a tube  
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Endocrine Gland **   Gland that secretes enzymes directly into the blood capillaries instead of being transported by ducts  
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Exocrien Gland **   Gland that secretes enzymes into a network of tiny ducts that transport it to the surface of an organ or tissue into a vessel  
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Chyme **   Liquid like material of partially digested food and digestive secreations found in the stomach just before it is released into the deodenum  
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Deciduous Teeth **   Baby teeth  
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Crown **   Part of the tooth that is seen  
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Gingiva or Gingivae **   Gums are known as  
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Enamel **   Crown is covered in  
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Digestion **   Requires both chemical and physical changes  
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Gastroenterologists **   Physicians who apecializes in the G.I. Tract  
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Dietitian **   An allied health professional trained to plan nutrition programs for sick, as well as healthy people  
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Defecation   Abnormal passageway in the skin near the anus usually connecting with the rectum  
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Thrush   Fungal infection in the mouth and throat producing sore, creamy white, slightly raised curd-like patches on the tongue and other oral mucosal surfaces;  
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Hernia   Irregular protrusion of tissue, organ ora portion of an organ through a break in the surrounding cavity's muscualar wall  
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Aphthous Stomatis   Small non-infectious ulcerated lesions on lips, tongue and inside cheeks  
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Gallstones   Pigmented or hardened cholesterol stones formed as a result of bile crystallization  
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Dental Caries   Tooth decay caused by acid-forming microorganisms  
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome   Increased motility of the small or large intestinal wall resulting in abdominal pain.  
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Crohn's Disease   Chronic digestive tract inflammation that cuases fever, cramping, diarrhea, weight loss, anorexia and extreme swelling of the bowel and can lead to obstruction  
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Hemorrhoids   Permanently distended veins in the distal rectum or anus  
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Borborygmus   Audible abdominal sound caused by hyperactive intestinal peristalsis; can be heard with a stethoscope as a rumblingm, gurgling or tickling sound  
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Abdominocentesis   Insertion of a needle into the peritoneal cavity to remove excess fluid  
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Gastric Lavage   Irrigation or washing out of the stomach with sterile water or saline  
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Colostomy   Surgical creation of a new opening on the abdominal wall through which feces will be expelled by bringing the incised colon out to the abdominal surface  
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Cholecystectomy   Surgical removal of the gall bladder  
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Oral Cholecystography   X-ray of the gall bladder following oral ingestion of pills containing radiopaque iodinated dye  
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Small Bowel Follow Through   X-ray of small bowel taken at timed intervals to observe progression of a contrast medium  
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Icterus   another name for jaundice  
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Gastroesophageal Reflux   Back flow of stomach contents of the stomach into the esophagus  
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Herniorrhaphy   Surgical hernia repair using sutures mesh or wire  
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Achlorhydria   Absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice  
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Emaciation   Excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutrition  
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Dyspepsia   Vague epigastric discomfort after eating  
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Ascites   Abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity  
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Aphagia   Loss of swallowing ability  
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Emesis   Material expelled from the stomach through the mouth with a characteristic belching sound  
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Nausea   Unpleasant sensation often leading to the urge to vomit  
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Pruritis Ani   Chronic condition of itching around the anus  
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Deglutination   Swallowing  
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Mastication   Chewing  
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Absorption   Passage of digested food molecules into intestinal cells  
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Vomitus   Emesis  
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Steatorrhea   Greater than normal amounts of fat in the feces  
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Anal Fistula   Abnormal passageway in the skin near the anus usually connecting with the rectum  
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Flatulence   Air or gas in the intestine that is passed through the rectum  
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Eructation   Bringing up air from the stomach through the mouth with a characteristic belching sound  
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