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Terms One

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Electroencephalogram   a recording of the electrical activity of the brain, most often recording the cerebral cortex  
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Spirometry   any procedure used to measure a person's ability to move air or the capacities of the respiratory system  
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Chemotherapy   the use of chemicals to kill cells within the body  
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Pharmacological   the use of drugs to treat disease  
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Palliative   any form of treatment that relieves signs and symptoms without curing a disease  
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Prognosis   a prediction of the likely outcome or consequences of having a disease  
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Sequela   a consequence of a previous disease  
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Complications   a morbid process or event occurring during a disease that is not an essential part of the disease, although it may result from it  
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Terminal   a disease likely to cause death  
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Trauma   the transfer of a harmful amount of energy. Energy maybe mechanical, electrical, radiation or thermal  
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Deficiency   lacking in something essential  
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Intoxication   being exposed to a toxic level of something  
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Hypertrophy   to increase in size  
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Atrophy   to decrease in size  
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Hyperplasia   an increase in the rate of mitosis and therefore cell number  
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Metaplasia   a change in cell or tissue structure  
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Dysplasia   irregular cell or tissue structure, often considered a potentially cancerous change  
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Neoplasia   growth of cells and tissue into new areas, resulting in a tumor. Benign or malignant  
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Inflammation   a protective response of tissue to injury or infection causes an increase in blood flow and pain in affected region, as well as leukocytosis  
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Pyrogens   chemicals that cause a fever  
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Leukocytosis   an increase in the number of WBC to more than 10,000 per mm3. WBC 15,000-25,000 occurs as result of infection, inflammation or hemorrhage  
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Exudate   the excess fluid that accumulates at the site of inflammation. contains a high level of proteins and neutrophils when compared to normal tissue fluid.  
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Serous exudate   a thin, clear, water fluid that accumulates at the site of inflammation  
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Purulent exudate   a thick, creamy white or yellow fluid that accumulates at the site of inflammation. Pus  
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Suppurative inflammation   a response to injury or infection that leads to the production of pus  
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Regeneration   replacing damaged tissue through the process of mitosis, restoring the tissue to its original condition  
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Repair   replacing damaged tissue with scar tissue  
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Adhesions   the binding together of two surfaces by scar tissue  
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Keloid scarring   the over production of scar tissue that sometimes occurs in the dermis and subcutaneous layer and results in a mass of scar tissue that is often tender or painful  
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Contracture   the shortening of scar tissue over time or the shortening of muscle tissue as a result of fibrotic changes  
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Stenosis   the narrowing of any canal or opening, such as the intestine, a blood vessel or a heart valve  
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Sclerosis   process of hardening results from scar formation or accumulation of plaque  
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Necrosis   tissue death  
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Prodromal stage   an early stage in development of a disease or infection that is characterized by a lack of appetite and lack of energy  
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Anaphylaxis   a severe, systemic allergic response that is characterized by vasodilation and bronchoconstriction  
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Immunosurveillance   the immune system's constant search for an antigen  
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Immunotolerance   the immune system's ability to recognize and not attack normally occurring tissues within the body  
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Incubation   the development of an infection from the time the infectious organism enters the body until the appearance of the first clinical signs and symptoms  
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Acute stage   the time during an infection when clinical signs and symptoms begin to develop  
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Benign   a nonmalignant neoplasm  
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Malignant   a cancerous neoplasm  
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Pathology   the study of changes in cell/tissue structure related to disease or death  
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Pathophysiology   the study of how disease affects body function  
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Health   having the ability to maintain homeostasis when exposed to normal conditions  
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Disease   being unable to maintain homeostasis when exposed to normal conditions  
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Etiology   the study of the cause of a disease  
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Genetic   a disease, condition, or trait that is inherited as a result of a single gene  
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Congenital   a disease, condition, or trait that is present at birth  
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Acquired   a disease, condition, or trait that developed because of being exposed to something during your life  
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Idiopathic   without a clearly identified cause  
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Signs   evidence of disease that is objective and can be seen, measured or recorded  
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Symptoms   evidence of disease that is subjective and cannot be seen, measured or recorded  
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Pathogenesis   the events that lead to the development of a disease and the signs and symptoms that occur as the disease progresses  
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Acute   a disease that develops and resolve rapidly  
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Chronic   a disease that develops gradually and last three months or longer  
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Remission   the lessening in severity of the symptoms of a disease  
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Exacerbation   an increase in the severity of a disease or any of its signs or symptoms  
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Local   a condition that is confined to one area  
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Systemic   a condition that affects the entire body  
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Endoscopy   a procedure that utilizes a fiber optic camera to view structures inside of the body  
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Radiodensity   the ability of an object to stop or slow radiation  
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X-rays   a visual recording of differences in radiodensity of anatomical structures  
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Contrast x-rays   x-rays that utilize a contrast media to increase radiodensity of selected fluids within the body producing an image of the structures containing the fluid  
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Ultrasound   a visual recording of differences in the rate of return and intensity of sound waves reflected off of objects within the body  
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Electrocardiograms   a recording of the electrical activity of the cardiac conduction system  
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Angiogenesis   the development of new blood vessels especially capillaries  
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Tumor Markers   proteins produced by tumor cells that can be detected in screening tests of the person's blood  
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Carcinoma   a malignancy that originates in epithelial tissue  
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Sarcoma   a malignancy that originates in connective tissue  
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Glioma   a malignancy that originates within the tissue of the CNS  
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Carcinogenesis   the process of developing a malignant neoplasm  
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Initiators (of cancer)   carcinogens that increase the rate of cancer cell production by activation oncogenes  
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Promoters (of cancer)   carcinogens that decrease the body's ability to find and fight cancer cells by damaging tumor suppressing genes  
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