BIO201 - Final Review 4 - Q & A's from Online Lessons & Labs - C. Nervous System
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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premotor area | frontal
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seat of intelligence, abstract reasoning | frontal
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somatic motor cortex | frontal
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motor speech area | frontal
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visual area | occipital
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taste (gustatory) area | parietal
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primary sensory cortex | parietal
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auditory area | temporal
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language/speech comprehension area | temporal
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This area is the main visceral control center of the body. | hypothalamus
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This brain area associates experiences necessary for the production of abstract ideas, judgment, and conscience. | prefrontal area
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The axons from this area form the major pyramidal tracts. | primary motor cortex
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A major relay station for sensory information ascending to primary sensory areas of the cerebral cortex. Contains many specialized nuclei. | thalamus
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Necessary for emotional health; may be neural "debugging." | REM
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Begins about 90 minutes after the onset of sleep. | REM
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Very easy to awaken; EEG shows alpha waves; may even deny being asleep. | Stage 1 sleep
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Typified by sleep spindles. | Stage 2 sleep
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Theta and delta waves begin to appear. | Stage 3 sleep
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The stage when vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate, and body temperature) reach their lowest normal levels. | Stage 4 sleep
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The ____ is the main switch station for memory; if the right and left areas are damaged, the past is lost. | amygdala
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The ____ ____ are valvelike and protrue externally through the dura mater to absorb cerebrospinal fluid into venous blood. | arachnoid villi
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The fourth ventricle is continuous with the ____ ____ of the spinal cord. | central canal
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____ rhythm is a 24-hour cycle of sleep and wakefulness. | circadian
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The large tract that connects the right and left sides of the brain is called the ___ ____. | corpus callosum
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The ____ includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus. | diencephalon
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The infundibulum connects the hypothalamus to the ____ ____. | pituitary gland
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The ___ is a conduction pathway between higher and lower brain centers and houses nuclei for cranial nerves V-VII. | pons
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Sensory neurons enter the spinal cord via the ____ horn. | posterior
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The two longitudinal ridges on the medulla oblongata where many descending fibers cross over are called the _____. | pyramids
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___ memory requires practice, and is remembered by doing. | skill
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____ ____ is a temporary cessation of breathing during sleep found most commonly in the elderly. | sleep apnea
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The largest nuclear mass in the midbrain is the ____ ____. | substantia nigra
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In stage 3 sleep, ____ and delta waves appear. | theta
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Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are called | gyri
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Spastic paralysis suggests involvement of the | Upper Motor Neurons
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Important nuclei of the indirect (multineural) system that receive impulses from the equilibrium apparatus of the inner ear and help to maintain balance by varying muscle tone of postural muscles are the | Vestibular Nuclei
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Neural tracts that convey life-saving information to the brain concerning burning pain would be | Lateral Spinothalamic
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The brain area that regulates activities that control the state of wakefulness or alterness of the cerebral cortex is the | Reticular Formation
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Tremor at rest, shuffling gait, stooped posture, and expressionless face are characteristics of | Parkinson's Disease
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The frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the | Lateral Sulcus
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The __ is probably not directly involved in memory | medulla
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Second-order neurons of both the specific and nonspecific ascending pathways terminate in the __. | thalamus
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Nuclei of cranial nerves V, VI, and VII are found in the __. | pons
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The __ is not a structure of the limbic system. | caudate nucleus
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A lateral tract in the spinal cord would be __. | rubrospinal
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The superchiasmatic nucleus is found in the __. | hypothalamus
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The __ is not a midbrain structure. | third ventricle
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The subarachnoid space lies between the arachnoid and the __. | pia
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Outtermost menix covering the brain; composed of tough fibrous connective tissue. | Dura Mater
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Innermost menix covering the brain; delicate and highly vascular | Pia mater
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Structures instrumental in returning cerebrospinal fluid to the venous blood in the dural sinuses. | Arachnoid villi
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Structure that forms the cerebrospinal fluid | Choroid plexus
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Middle menhix; like a cobweb in structure | arachnoid mater
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its outer layer forms the periosteum of the skull | dura mater
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A dural fold that attaches teh cerebrum to the crista galli of the skull | falx cerebri
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A dural fold separating the cerebrum from the cerebellum | Tentorium cerebelli
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Forebrain | The diencephalon, thalamus,optic chiasma, and hypothalamus
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Hindbrain | The medulla, pons, and cerebellum
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The cerebral hemispheres | Forebrain
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Site of regulation of body temperature & water balance; most important autonomic center. | Hypothalamus
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Consciousness depends on the function of this part of the brain. | Cerebral hemisphere
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Located in the midbrain; contains reflex centers for vision and audition | Corpora quadrigemina
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Responsible for regulation of posture and coordination of complex muscular movements | Cerebellum
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Important synapse site for afferent fibers traveling to the sensory cortex | Thalamus
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Contains autonomic centers regulating blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rhythm, as well as coughing, sneezing, and swallowing centers. | Medulla oblongata
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Large commissure connecting the cerebral hemispheres | Corpus callosum
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Fiber tract involved with olfaction | Cerebral aquduct
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Connects teh third and fourth ventricles | Cerebral aqueduct
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Encloses the third ventricle | Thalamus
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The convolutions seen in the cerebrum are important because they increase __. | surface area
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Gray matter is composed of __. | Neuron cell bodies
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White matter is composed of __. | Myelinated fibers
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A fiber tract that provides for communication between different parts of the same cerebral hemisphere is called __. | An association tract
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Fiber tract that carries impulses to/from the cerebrum to the lower CNS areas is called __. | A projection tract
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The lentiform nucleus along with the amygdaloid and caudate nuclei are collectively called the __. | Basal nuclei
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Which lobe to find the auditory area? | Temporal
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Which lobe to find the olfactory area? | Temporal
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Which lobe to find the primary motor? | Frontal
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Which lobe for the area visual area? | Occipital
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Which lobe for the primary sensory area? | Parietal
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Which lobe for Broca's area? | Frontal
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An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) is associated with: | Hyperpolarization
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Direct-acting neurotransmitters open ion channels to provoke __ responses. | Quick
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Serotonin is a __ class of neurotransmitter. | Indolamine
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T/F - Spinal reflexes are an example of serial processing. | True
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T/F - Smells are processed by serial pathways. | False
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If one incoming impulse causes several outgoing nerve impulses, we know that there is a __ circuit. | Diverging
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A neural circuit in which a single impulse is transmitted over and over again is a __ circuit. | Reverberating
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Group __ fibers spreads impulses at up to 1 meter per second. | C
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When a sensory neuron is excited by some form of energy, the resulting graded potential is called a __ potential. | Generator
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Cell bodies of the sensory neurons of the spinal nerves are located in: | The dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord
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Is the thermostat of the body since it regulates temperature | The hypothalamus
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The function of commissures is to connect: | Corresponding areas of the two hemispheres.
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Which is the mildest consequence of traumatic brain injury? | Concussion
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Carry proprioceptive inputs to the cerebellum | Spinocerebellar tracts
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The nonspecific ascending pathways: | are involved in the emotional aspects of perception
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Huntington's disease | Has symptoms that are the opposite of Parkinson's disease
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White matter of the spinal cord contains: | Myelinated & unmyelinated nerve fibers
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