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Terms and definitions for Organization & General Plan of the Body

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Question
Answer
The simplest level of organization   Chemical Level  
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Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins & Nucleic Acids are_____________ Chemicals   Organic  
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Water, Oxygen & Carbon dioxide are ____________ Chemicals   Inorganic  
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The most complex level of organization   Organ Systems  
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The smallest living units of structure and function   Cells  
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A group of cells with similar structure and function   Tissue  
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The study of body structure   Anatomy  
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The study of disorders of functions   Pathophysiology  
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What type of tissue covers or lines body surfaces, some are capable of producing secretions.   Epithelial Tissue  
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What type of tissue connects and supports parts of the body   Connective Tissue  
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What type of tissue specializes in contractions to bring about movement   Muscle Tissue  
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What type of tissue is specialized to generate and transmit electrochemical impulses   Nerve Tissue  
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A group of tissue precisely arranged as to accomplish a specific function   Organ  
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All the chemical reactions and physical processes that take place within the body to bring about growth, repair, reactions, and reproduction.   Metabolism  
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Organ system responsible for movement   Muscle System  
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System responsible for body structure   Skeletal System  
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System responsible for electrochemical impulses and sensory information interpretation   Nervous System  
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System that is a barrier to pathogens and chemicals and prevents excessive water loss   Integumentary System  
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System responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood   Respiratory System  
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System responsible for providing immunity and returning tissue fluid to the blood   Lymphatic System  
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System responsible for removal of wastes from the blood and regulation of volume and pH of blood and tissue fluid   Urinary System  
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System that changes food into simple chemicals that can be absorbed and used by the body   Digestive System  
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The system that regulates body functions such as growth, metabolism and reproduction through hormones   Endocrine System  
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The system that produces egg or sperm   Reproductive System  
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A state of relative stability within the body   Homeostasis  
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The Mechanism in the body that reverses a stimulus to keep the body within a normal range   Negative Feedback Mechanism  
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A mechanism in the body that keeps a stimulus sequence of events going   Positive Feedback Mechanism  
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Normal body temperature range is   97-99 F  
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Normal pulse rate   60-80 beats per minute  
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Normal respiratory rate   12-20 breaths per minute  
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Antebrachial   Forearm  
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Antecubital   Front of elbow  
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Axillary   Armpit  
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Brachial   Upper arm  
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Buccal   Cheek  
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Cardiac   Heart  
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Cervical   Neck  
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Cranial   Head  
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Cutaneous   Skin  
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Deltoid   Shoulder  
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Femoral   Thigh or upper leg  
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Frontal   Forehead  
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Gastric   Stomach  
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Gluteal   Buttocks  
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Hepatic   Liver  
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Iliac   Ilium (pelvis)  
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Inguinal   Front of hip joint  
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Lumbar   Lower back  
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Mammary   Breast  
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Nasal   Nose  
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Occipital   Back of skull  
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Orbital   Eye  
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Parietal   Top of head  
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Patellar   Knee cap  
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Pectoral   Chest  
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Perineal   Pelvic floor  
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Plantar   Sole of foot  
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Popliteal   Back of knee  
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Pulmonary   Lungs  
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Renal   Kidney  
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Sacral   Base of spine  
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Temporal   Sides of head  
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Umbilical   Navel  
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Volar   Palm of hand  
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Superior   Above or higher  
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Inferior   Below or lower  
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Anterior   Toward the front  
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Posterior   Toward the back  
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Ventral   Toward the front  
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Dorsal   Toward the back  
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Medial   Toward the midline  
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Lateral   Away from midline  
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Internal   Inside, Within, Interior to  
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External   Outside, Exterior to  
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Superficial   Toward the surface  
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Deep   Within, interior to  
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Central   The main part  
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Peripheral   Extending from the main part  
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Proximal   Closer to the origin  
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Distal   Farther from the origin  
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Parietal   Pertaining to the wall of a cavity  
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Visceral   Pertaining to the organs within a cavity  
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2 main Body Cavities   Dorsal and Ventral  
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The 2 cavities within the Dorsal Cavity   Cranial Cavity and Spinal Cavity  
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The 3 cavities within the Ventral Cavity   Thoracic Cavity, Abdominal Cavity, and the Pelvic Cavity  
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What separates the Thoracic Cavity from the Abdominal Cavity   Diaphragm  
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Lines the Chest Wall   Parietal Pleura  
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Covers the Lungs   Visceral Pleura  
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Lines the pericardial sac   Parietal Pericardial Membrane  
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Covers the heart   Visceral Pericardial Sac  
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Thoracic cavity contains   Heart and Lungs  
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Cranial Cavity contains   The Brain  
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Spinal Cavity contains   The spinal cord, and meninges  
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Abdominal Cavity contains   Liver, Stomach, Intestines etc.  
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Lines the abdominal wall   Peritoneum  
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Continuation of Peritoneum that covers abdominal organs   Mesentery  
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Pelvic Cavity contains   Bladder, reproductive organs, colon, and rectum  
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What is a Section   Cut of a body part  
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What is a plane   Imaginary flat surface that separates 2 portions of the body  
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Frontal (Coronal) Section separates the body into-   Anterior and Posterior  
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Sagittal Section separates the body into-   Left and Right  
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Transverse section separates the body into-   Upper and Lower  
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Cross-section is   a plane perpendicular to the long axis of a struture  
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Longitudinal section is   a plane along the long axis of a structure  
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The four quadrants are   Right Upper Quadrant(RUQ), Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ), Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ), and Lower Left Quadrant (LLQ)  
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What is Metabolic Rate   The amount of energy and heat production per unit of time  
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The Study of body functions   Physiology  
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The level with the smallest Living unit   Cellular  
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The name of the position described as Standing upright, facing forward arms at sides with palms forward and feet slightly apart   Anatomic Position  
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