Vocab/definitions
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
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interphase | part of a cell’s life cycle when it is living, growing, and getting ready
to divid
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Cell Cycle | all the stages a cell goes through including phases of growth,
preparation for division, and division
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asexual reproduction | process of creating offspring or daughter cells using DNA from
only one parent, and the resulting offspring or daughter cells are
identical to the parent
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cytokinesis | when copies of cell organelles (except the nucleus) move into new
daughter cells
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mitosis | process division of the nucleus in which the nucleus divides once
to make identical nuclei for each of two identical daughter cells; a
type of asexual reproduction
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chromosome | what DNA is called during mitosis…DNA is wound up and easily
visible
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Daughter Cell | name for cells at the end of the cell division
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offspring | science term for children (relative to their parents)
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fission | type of asexual reproduction when an organism divides into two equal parts (the way bacteria reproduce)
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budding | type of asexual reproduction where a new organsim grows from the body part of the parent organsim (hydra is an example)
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regeneration | type of asexual reproduction where a whole new organism grows
from a piece of another organism (planarian worm is an example)
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diploid | adjective to describe a cell that has a set of matching
chromosomes from each parent (46 chromosomes in a human, 23
from mom and 23 from dad)
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sexual reproduction | process of creating offspring by combining the DNA in gametes
from two parents, and the resulting offspring are different than
either parent.
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gamete | general name for sex cell
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sperm | name for male sex cell
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egg | name for female sex cell
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haploid | adjective to describe a cell that has half the normal number of
chromosomes (one copy of each chromosome – usually a gamete)
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fertilization | process of sperm and egg cell joining
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zygote | the name for fertilized egg before it starts doing mitosis
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meiosis | process division of the nucleus in which the nucleus shuffles DNA
then divides twice to make four unique nuclei, one for each of four
haploid daughter cells called gametes; a type of sexual
reproduction
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crossing over | the “shuffling” of DNA that happens during meiosis
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sex chromosones | the 23rd chromosome pair that makes the difference between
males and females, XX for females, XY for males
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