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APES Ch. 6 and 7

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
The modern atmosphere contained oxygen that was probably produced by___ in the process of_____. these phytoplankton were thought to have produced the first oxygen in our atmosphere   cyanobacteria in the process of photosynthesis  
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The % of carbon dioxide in the atmoshpere is___which why a small increase can have a large affect   0.01-0.1%  
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compared to the size of the earth, the atmosphere is a ______ _____   thin shell  
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the five layers of the atmosphere are...   Exosphere, Thermosphere, Mesosphere, Stratosphere, Troposhere  
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most of our weather takes place in____ and is ozone is harmful because_____   the troposhere, defective for humans and life  
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the ozone layer is located in the _____ because ____   stratosphere "upper atmosphere", it absorbs harmful UV rays  
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most of our air (99%) is located in what two layers   stratosphere, troposhere  
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temperatures in the thermosphere can go up to...   2000 degrees Celsius!  
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the_____is where radio waves can be reflected around the world   thermosphere  
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what are the tree types of heat transfer   convection, conduction, radiation  
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seasons on earth are caused by the ____ of ____degrees of the planet   tilt of 23.5 degrees  
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what accounts for our changing weather   The atmosphere's continual struggle for temperature balance (air temperature) AIR PRESSURE??  
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what causes air pressure?   caused by the weight of the air pressing down on the Earth, the ocean and on the air below  
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list some types of precipitation   rain, snow, sleet, hail air containing water vapor cools in atmosphere and therefore condenses to form droplets of liquid water  
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what causes winds to spiral on the surface of the Earth?   falling of high to low pressures (Coriolis effect) CAUSED BY PRESSURES VS. SPEED?  
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what is the rain shadow effect?   Prevailing winds pick up moisture from an ocean. On the windward side of a mountain range, air rises, cools, and releases moisture. On the leeward side of the mountain range, air descends, warms, and releases little moisture. THIS MAKES  
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organisms living in an ____ zone are limited to access by light, nutrient availability, and amount of dissolved oxygen in the water   aquatic  
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the two most important factors that determine the climate of an area are_____ and ______   precipitation and temperature  
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climate is the most important factor that determines where a ____ is found   biome  
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the coral reef is to water environments as the _________ ______ is to land environments with regards to biodiversity   tropical rain forest  
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what's a lake overturn in a freshwater lake?   layers in fall and spring (stratification) MIX the benthic (bottom layer) goes to the top layer  
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estuaries exhibit _______ and _______ because of tides flowing in and out and the hot sun rising and setting   salinity and temperature  
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the desert biome is what?   -has succulent plants (like catci) that hold lots of water in spongy tissue - some living organisms "barely cling to life as it is" -dry and inhospitable - threats: off roading, mining, overgrazing  
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greenhouse gases   water vapor (h2o) carbon dioxide (co2) methane (CH4) hydrofluorocarbons (SF6-sulfur hexafluoride) (HFC) perfluorocarbons (PFC) nitrous oxide (n2o)  
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air at the lower latitudes near the _____ tends to heat up and rise. it's at zero latitude   equator  
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the grassland biome is what?   has prairie dogs, insects, coyotos, hawks, foxes - fire is danger threats: fire, farming, development  
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the abyssal zone is what?   -deepest zone in the ocean -has hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the ocean -organisms here get their oxygen from chemosynthesis that come from chemical compounds NOT the sun  
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ecosystems with the highest NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIIVTY per unit area are found in the ____ zone of the ocean   coastal  
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