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STAAR Reporting Category #5

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Question
Answer
Ecological Succession   how an area changes over time from an area that is uninhabitable to one that is able to support a healthy ecosystem  
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Organism   a living thing; exhibits all 5 characteristics of life (ORGAN)  
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Population   a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed  
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Community   a group of different populations (different species) that live in the same area  
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Biotic Factor   a living thing in an ecosystem; ex. plant, animal, bacteria  
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Abiotic Factor   a nonliving thing in an ecosystem; ex: water, rocks, earth  
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Habitat Requirement   something necessary to make a good place to live: shelter and space, and access to food and water  
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Limiting Factors   any factor that limits the size of a population by restricting its numbers, reproduction, or distribution  
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Carrying Capacity   the maximum population a habitat can sustain  
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Predation   a relationship between two species where one species hunts (predator) and eats the other species (prey)  
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Competition   a relationship between two species where they both require the same resource (food, water, shelter, space) and must compete for it  
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Parasitism   a relationship between two species where one species is helped and the other species is harmed  
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Commensalism   a relationship between two species where one species is helped and the other species is not affected  
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Mutualism   a relationship between two species where both species are helped  
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Autotroph   an organism that can use photosynthesis to make its own food: "self-feeding"  
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Heterotroph   an organism that cannot use photosynthesis to make its own food and must eat other organisms to survive: "other-feeding"  
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Trophic Level   the position a species occupies in a food chain; ex. producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer  
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Food Chain   a sequence of organisms that shows how energy is transferred from plants, to plant eaters, to meat eaters and so on  
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Food Web   a combination of several food chains within an ecosystem  
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Ecological Pyramid   a graphic representation of the amount of biomass present in each trophic level of a food chain; producers are always on the bottom, then primary consumers, then secondary consumers and so on  
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Microorganisms   living things that can only be seen with a microscope; ex. bacteria, protists  
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Biomes   areas with similar climate and conditions: ex. rainforests, grasslands, desert, wetland  
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Resource Base   amount of total available food, water , shelter and space; toal amount of biotic and abiotic factors available for organims  
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Carbon Cycle   the cyclic movement of carbon atoms between living things (organic carbon) and their environment (inorganic carbon)  
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Nitrogen Cycle   the cyclic movement of nitrogen atoms between living things (organic nitrogen) and their environment (inorganic nitrogen)  
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Autotroph/producer   organism that makes their own food  
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Heterotroph/consumer   organism that eats other organisms to obtain energy  
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