STAAR Reporting Category #5
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Ecological Succession | how an area changes over time from an area that is uninhabitable to one that is able to support a healthy ecosystem
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Organism | a living thing; exhibits all 5 characteristics of life (ORGAN)
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Population | a group of organisms of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed
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Community | a group of different populations (different species) that live in the same area
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Biotic Factor | a living thing in an ecosystem; ex. plant, animal, bacteria
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Abiotic Factor | a nonliving thing in an ecosystem; ex: water, rocks, earth
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Habitat Requirement | something necessary to make a good place to live: shelter and space, and access to food and water
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Limiting Factors | any factor that limits the size of a population by restricting its numbers, reproduction, or distribution
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Carrying Capacity | the maximum population a habitat can sustain
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Predation | a relationship between two species where one species hunts (predator) and eats the other species (prey)
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Competition | a relationship between two species where they both require the same resource (food, water, shelter, space) and must compete for it
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Parasitism | a relationship between two species where one species is helped and the other species is harmed
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Commensalism | a relationship between two species where one species is helped and the other species is not affected
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Mutualism | a relationship between two species where both species are helped
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Autotroph | an organism that can use photosynthesis to make its own food: "self-feeding"
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Heterotroph | an organism that cannot use photosynthesis to make its own food and must eat other organisms to survive: "other-feeding"
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Trophic Level | the position a species occupies in a food chain; ex. producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer
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Food Chain | a sequence of organisms that shows how energy is transferred from plants, to plant eaters, to meat eaters and so on
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Food Web | a combination of several food chains within an ecosystem
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Ecological Pyramid | a graphic representation of the amount of biomass present in each trophic level of a food chain; producers are always on the bottom, then primary consumers, then secondary consumers and so on
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Microorganisms | living things that can only be seen with a microscope; ex. bacteria, protists
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Biomes | areas with similar climate and conditions: ex. rainforests, grasslands, desert, wetland
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Resource Base | amount of total available food, water , shelter and space; toal amount of biotic and abiotic factors available for organims
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Carbon Cycle | the cyclic movement of carbon atoms between living things (organic carbon) and their environment (inorganic carbon)
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Nitrogen Cycle | the cyclic movement of nitrogen atoms between living things (organic nitrogen) and their environment (inorganic nitrogen)
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Autotroph/producer | organism that makes their own food
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Heterotroph/consumer | organism that eats other organisms to obtain energy
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