words
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| Huntington Disease | hereditary disorder affecting the cerebrum and involving abrubt, involuntary, jerking movements and mental deterioration in later stages
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| Alzheimer disease | Brain disorder marked by progressive, gradual mental deterioration (dementia) along with personality changes and impairment of daily functioning
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| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | Damage to nerves on the lateral (side) columns of the spinal cord and lower region of the brain, leading to progressive muscular paralysis.
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| Multiple sclerosis | - Chronic neurologic disorder marked by destruction of the myelin sheath on neuronal axons in the CNS and replacement by plaques of sclerotic tissue
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| Parkinson disease | Degeneration of nerve cells that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain; leads to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement
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| Meningitis | - inflammation of the meninges
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| Tourette Syndrome | Neurologic disorder characterized by multiple facial and other body tics.
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| Epilepsy | Brain disorder marked by recurrent attacks (seizures) of abnormal nervous impulses.
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| Cerebral contusion | Bruising of brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head; neurologic disorder persists longer than 24 hours
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| Cerebral concussion | Temporary brain dysfunction ( brief loss of consciousness) after injury; usually clearing within 24 hours
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| Cerebral palsy | Partial paralysis and muscular coordination caused by loss of oxygen or blood flow to the cerebrum during pregnancy or in the perinatal period
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| Bell palsy | Unilateral paralysis of the face caused by a disorder of the facial nerve
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| Myasthenia gravis | Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles.
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| Hypothalamus | Portion of the brain beneath the thalamus; controls sleep, appetite, body temperature, and secretions from the pituitary gland
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| Medulla oblongata | Lower part of the brain, closest to the spinal cord; controls breathing heartbeat, and size of blood vessels.
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| Cerebrum | largest part of the brain; responsible for voluntary muscular activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing thought and memory among other functions
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| Cerebellum | part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance
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| Brainstem | lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord
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| Pons | Part of the brainstem anterior to the cerebellum, between the medulla and the rest of the brain. The pons connects the upper and lower portions of the brain
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| Thalamus | main relay center of the brain; located in the central region or diencephalon of the brain
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| Gait | manner of walking
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| CNS system | central nervous system – brain and spinal cord
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| Sympathetic | Autonomic nerves that activate responses in times of stress; heartbeat, respiration, and blood pressure area affected
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| Parasympathetic | Involuntary, autonomic nerves that regulate normal body functions, such as heart rate, breathing, and the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract
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| Peripheral nervous system | nerves outside the brain and the spinal cord; cranial, spinal, and autonomic nerves.
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