chapter 5 earthquake notes
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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stress | a force that acts on an area of rock to change its shape or volume
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tension | streches rock and pulls on the crust.
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compression | pushes rock together
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shearing | can cause masses of rock to slip
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normal faults | has tension in Earths crust pulls rock apart
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hanging wall | the block of rock that lies abouve
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footwall | a rock that lies below
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reverse fault | has the same strucsure as a normal fault,but the blocks move in the opposite direction
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strike-slip fault | the rocks on either side of the fault slip past eachother sideways with little up or down motion
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surface waves | move more slowley than P waves and S waves
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P waves | when the crust vibrates forward and back along the path of the wave
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S waves | when the crust vibrates from side to side and up and down
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mercalli scale | was devoloped to rate earthquakes according to their intetensity or strength at a place
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magnitude | a number that geologist assign to an earthquake based on the its size
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ritcher scale | assigns a magnitude number to an earthquake based on the seismic wave size
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siesmograoh | an instroment that recordes and measures siesmic waves
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moment magnitude scale | a rating system that estimates the total energy realeased by an earthquake
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earthquake | the shaking that results from the sudden movment of rock along a fault
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focus | the area beneath earths surface where rock that is under stress breaks making an earthquake.
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epicenter | the focus directly above the point on the surface.
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