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Cells

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Cell Membrane Structure   encloses the contents of the cell: regulates & allows only certain substances through the cell membrane & the integral proteins  
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Fluid Mosaic   moves laterally, like a ping-pong ball in water  
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Phospholipid Bilayer   cell membrane: a double layer of phospholipid molecules  
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Integral (carrier) Proteins   act as gates or channels to transport molecules through the membrane  
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Peripheral Proteins   act as recognizers, receptors or cell joiners  
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Diffusion   PASSIVE transport- NO energy because from high to low concentration; Random movement of molecules from high to low concentrations with NO additional energy  
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Osmosis   PASSIVE transport of WATER- NO energy because from high to low concentration; diffusion of water into or out of cell; from an area of high water concentration to low (with the gradient); water moves to the most solutes  
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Osmotic Pressure   force excerted on membrane due to movement of H2O  
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Hypertonic Solutions   solution is high in solutes, causes cell to shrink  
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Hypotonic Solution   solution is low in solutes, causes cell to swell  
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Isotonic   dissolved particles outside the cell are equal to the concentration of dissolved particles in inside the cell; continued movement of molecules  
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Filtration   passage of fluid through a membrane through mechanical pressure  
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Facilitated transport/diffusion   PASSIVE transport- NO energy because from high to low concentration; with gradient  
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Active transport   needs additional energy; ATP  
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Active transport   uses energy from ATP to pass from low to against gradient; from low to high concentration with the help of a carrier protein & ATP  
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Sodium Potassium (Na+ K+)Pump   ACTIVE transport: is carrier protein that pushes Na+ K+ into & out of the cell (against their gradient) for muscles and nerves  
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Endocytosis (phagocytosis)   ACTIVE transport: needs ATP; plasma membrane envelopes a substance (that is too large for a carrier protein or not lipid soluable) fuses to the outside of the cell, pinches off to form a vesicle and it is released inside the cell  
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Exocytosis   ACTIVE transport: needs ATP; a vesicle fuses to the inside of the plasma membrane and is released to the outside of the cell  
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Diffusion examples   gases: CO2 & O2 and alcohols  
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Facilitated transport/diffusion: Why use carrier protein instead of going through the membrane?   most solutes are not lipid soluable & must be transported (allowed) across the membrane with the help of a carrier protein (channel)  
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Facilitated transport/diffusion examples:   amino acids & glucose  
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Created by: dfosterteacher
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