Water, Electrolyte, & Acid-Base Balance
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disturbance in acid-base balance of the body, in which body fluids have a lower pH than normal | acidosis
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disturbance in body's acid-base balance in which the pH of the extracellular fluids is shifted toward the alkaline side of normal | alkalosis
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ion carrying a negative charge | anion
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ion that carries a positive charge | cation
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compound that in solution dissociates into positive & negative ions | electrolyte
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excess of ketone bodies in blood resulting from utilization of fat as the primary source of energy | ketosis
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access of urea & other waste products in the blood, resulting from renal failure | uremia
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overall electrical neutrality of the body is always | maintained
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decrease in PCO2 & increase in bicarbonate can lead to respiratory alkalosis | hyperventilation
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the kidneys form additional bicarbonate to restore the pH to the physiologic range in | respiratory acidosis
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in order to successfully maintain a metabolic alkalosis an existing ___ ___ must be addressed | potassium deficiency
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can be a cause of respiratory alkadosis | pulmonary emphysema
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potassium depletion frequently accompanies ___ ___ caused by excess corticosteroids | metabolic alkalosis
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primary cause of ketosis is | type 1 diabetes
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acidosis in the term for blood pH becoming | acidic
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the lungs & kidneys control the body's | acid-base balance
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sufferers of decreased renal function, infants & athletes are all at greatest risk for | overhydration
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diarrhea & vomiting most commonly results in | dehydration
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A & D are the principal | extracellular ions
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overall electrical neutrality of the body is always | maintained
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in diabetes when excessive ketone bodies formed & in kidney failure with retention of nonvolatile acids | metabolic acidosis
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impaired lung function caused by chronic pulmonary disease | respiratory acidosis
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excessive loss of gastric juices (i.e. vomiting) & excessive corticosteroid hormones | metabolic acidosis
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hyperventilation; fall in alveolar PCO2 & blood carbonic acid | respiratory alkalosis
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the units of concentration of electrolytes are expressed in | milliequivalents per liter
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abbreviation for milliequivalents per liter | mEq/L
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acidosis occurs when blood pH | shifts to acid side of pH 7.4
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alkalosis occurs when blood pH | shifts to alkaline side of pH 7.4
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electrolytes are salts that dissociate in solution into | positively and negatively charged ions
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expression of the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution, expressed as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration | pH
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Created by:
lfrancois
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