elimination pt.2
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Nasogastric tubes | Tube passed through nasopharynx to the stomach. Removes gas, fluids, toxic substances from stomach.
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Gastric gavage | Delivers fluids or nutrients.
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Gastric lavage | Used in cases of poisoning or stop GI bleeding, instill into stomach and suctioning it back out, room-temp medications or solutions.
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Gastric decompression | Removes air and fluids, may help prevent distention, nausea, and vomiting.
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Fecal incontinence | Inability to control the passage of feces and gas. Often due to antibiotic use.
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Constipation | Infrequent bowel movements, difficulty in evacuating feces, inability to defecate, and hard feces. Occurs when intestinal motility slows and the body absorbs additional fecal water content.
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Hemorrhoids | Swollen and inflamed veins in the rectum and anus causing discomfort and bleeding. Internal and external. Heat can provide relief.
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Flatulence | Presence of air or gas in the intestinal tract. Walking is the most effective to promote peristalsis.
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Rectal tube | Relieves flatulence.
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Enema | Instillation of solution into rectum and sigmoid colon to stimulate peristalsis and evacuation of feces.
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Oil-retention enema | Lubricates rectum and colon. Can be used with digital removal of fecal impaction.
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Medicated enema | Contains pharmacological therapeutic agents.
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Tap water enema | Hypotonic solution. Only done once. Risk for water toxicity and circulatory overload.
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Normal saline enema | Safest, used for infants and children.
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Fleet enema | Hypertonic solution. Smaller amount of fluid used for procedure.
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Soapsuds enema | Castile soap added to solution. Add soap after water/saline is already in bag.
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Harris Flush enema | Helps expel gas. Fluid flows in and out of large intestine stimulating peristalsis.
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Fecal impaction | Collection of feces in the rectum that forms a mass that becomes so large/hard that the patient is unable to pass it voluntarily. Pt can experience fecal incontinence. Oil-retention enema.
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Ostomy | A surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening for the elimination of bodily wastes.
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Colostomy | Surgical creation by cutting the colon and bringing it out through a stoma on the abdominal surface. Liquid-formed stool.
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Ileostomy | Surgical creation by cutting the ileum and bringing it out through a stoma on the abdominal surface. Liquid stool.
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Urostomy | Diversion of urine away from a diseased or defective bladder through a surgically created opening in the skin. Aka ileal conduit.
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Continent ostomies | Surgeries that have eliminated the external pouch. One way valves are created. Allows for patient to insert catheter through stoma and emptying of pouch at regular intervals throughout the day.
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Kock pouch | Holds small amount of liquid or feces.
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Orthotopic neobladder | Ileal pouch replaced bladder. Normal voiding. Bladder training necessary.
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Created by:
Emily.meier
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