Chapter 10 Blood
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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Plasma | 55%
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Hematocrit | Volume of blood sample should be 45%
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Cells | 45%
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RBC | Erythrocytes
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Red blood cells | Formed in bone marrow; carries oxygen
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Hemoglobin | Molecules combine with CO2 to transport
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Oxyhemoglobin | Bright red; plenty of oxygen
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Deoxyhemoglobin | Bluish; not much oxygen
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Anemia | Few red blood cells
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WBC | Leukocytes
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White Blood Cells | Fights diseases
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Neutrophils | Eats bacteria; most common
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Eosinophils | Attack parasites; allergic reactions
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Basophils | Produces blood thinners and histomines
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Monocytes | Makes macrophages
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Lymphocytes | Immune system; second most common
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Blood Plasma | Liquid portion; 92%
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Albumins | Made in liver; maintains blood pressure
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Alpha and beta | Made in liver; transports lipids
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Gamma | Forms antibodies
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Fibrinogen | Importance to blood clotting
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Major blood clotting event | Change from fibrinogen into fibrin
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Hemostasis | The process to stop bleeding
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Type A receives | A or O
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Type B receives | B or O
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Type AB receives | A, B, AB, or O least common
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Type O receives | O most common
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Rh | Rhesus monkey
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Type O | Universal Donar
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Iron | Is a critical element needed to synthesize
hemoglobin and normal RBC
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Hematopoeisis | Blood cells live for 120 days then are eaten by
the liver and spleen
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Erythropoietin | Secreted by kidneys; stimulates the
formation of RBC; requires B12 and Folic Acid
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Blood Vessel Spasm | Damaged or broken vessels stimulates muscle
tissue in the walls of the vessels to contract. This
slows or stops blood flow, lasts for several min.
Platelets release serotonin , a vasoconstrictor
which maintains the muscle even longer
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Platelet Plug | Platelets stick to surfaces of damaged blood
vessels and form a plug
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Blood Coagulation | most effective; forms a blood clot (hematoma). Injury causes an increase in the release of coagulation: conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin
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Tissue Damage | production of prothrombin activator
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Prothrombin | converted to thrombin
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Thrombin | acts as a enzyme to cause change of fibrinogen to fibrin, which traps platelets and blood cells to form a hematoma
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Thrombus | internal blood clot
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Embolus | clots move
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Embolism | resulting stroke
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Platelets | cell fragments
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PL | thrombocytes
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Antigen A | Plasma: Anti-B antibodies
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Antigen B | Plasma: Anti-A antibodies
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Antigen A&B | Plasma: neither anti- A or anti-B antibodies
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Neither antigen A nor B | Both anti-A and anti- B antibodies
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Rh factor | caused by a dominant allele and is inherited
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Erythroblastosis fetalis | mothers immune system attacks the fetus when the mother is Rh- because the body shows the baby as an infection
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Systemic Circulation | delivers blood to all body cells
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Pulmonary Circulation | eliminates carbon dioxide and oxygenates the blood
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Deoxygenated blood | blue
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Oxygenated blood | red
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Pericardium | encloses the heart (like a bag)
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Pericardial cavity | fluid for the heart to float, reducing friction
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Epicardium | outer layer, reduces friction
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Myocardium | Middle layer, mostly cardiac muscle
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Endocardium | inner layer, blood vessels
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Atria | top chamber
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Ventricles | bottom chambers
right- thin
left- thick
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Septum | seperating two chambers
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Atrioventricular Valve | between upper chambers
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tricuspid | prevents back flow of blood
3 flaps
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bicuspid | has blood flow one way to the left atrium to the left ventricle
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Superior Vena Cava/ Inferior Vena Cava | return blood from the head and body to the heart
connects to left atrium
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Chordae Tendinae/ papillary muscles | prevents bonds from bending
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Pulmonary Trunk/ Arteries | splits into left and right, both leads to lungs and leaves left ventricle
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Pulmonary Valve | valves open and close as blood flows through
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Pulmonary Veins | blood returns to the heart with O2 blood
2 on each side
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1st Step in blood path | Deoxygenated blood enters through right atrium through the vena cava
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2nd step in blood path | blood enters right ventricle
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3rd Step in blood path | Blood goes out the pulmonary arteries and heads to the lungs
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4th step in blood path | blood returns from the lungs and enters the left atrium
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5th step in blood path | blood moves into the left ventricle
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6th step in blood path | oxygenated blood moves out of the left ventricle through the aorta and to the body
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skeleton of the Heart | dense connective tissue holding the heart and valves in place
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Systole | heart beating
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Diastole | heart resting
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Hypertension of blood pressure | 140/90
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normal blood pressure | 120/80
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ECG | heartbeat
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Fast Heart Beat | Tachycardia
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Slow Heart Beat | Bradycardia
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Irregular Heart Beat | Arrhymthmia
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P Wave | Atrial Contraction
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QRS Wave | Ventricular Contraction
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T Wave | Ventricular repolarization
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SA Node | triggers ventricle squeeze
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Created by:
Alisha M. Bailey
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