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Chapter 3

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
Valence electron   an electron that is found in the outermost shell of an atom andthat determines the atom's chemical properties  
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Chemical bond   the ATTRACTIVE force that holds atoms or ions together  
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Compound   a substance made of the ATOMS of TWO or more different ELEMENTS joined by CHEMICAL BONDS  
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Covalent bond   a bond formed when ATOMS share ONE or more PAIRS OF ELECTRONS  
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Molecule   a GROUP OF ATOMS HELD TOGETHER by CHEMICAL forces, a SMALLEST UNIT OF MATTER that can exist by itself and retain al of a substance's chemical properties  
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Ion   an atom or GROUP OF ATOMS that was an electric charge because it has GAINED OR LOSTED ELECTRONS  
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Hydrogen bonding   can play an important role in many of the molecules that MAKE UP LIVING THINGS  
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Latent heat   can cut organisms maintain a constant internal temperature  
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Cohesion   the force that holds molecules of a single material together  
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Adhesion   the attractive force between two bodies of different substances that are in contact with each other  
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Solution   a homogeneous mixture throughout which two or more substances are uniformly dispersed  
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pH   a value that is used to express the acidity of a system  
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Buffer   a solution made from a weak acid and its conjugate base that neutralize small amounts of acids added to it  
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Base   any compound that increase the number of hydroxide ion when dissolved in water  
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Acids   any compound that increase the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water  
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Carbohydrates   a class of molecules that are mode of sugars  
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Lipid   a fat molecules that has the similar properties  
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Protein   an compound made of one or more chains of amino acids  
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Amino acid   a compound of a class of simple compounds  
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Nucleic acid   a long chain of nucleotide units  
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Nucleotide   a molecule made up of three parts  
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DNA   the material that contains the information that determines inherited traits  
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RNA   all living cells that plays a role in protein sythesis  
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ATP   the main source for cell processes  
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Enzyme   a molecule that acts as a catalyst in reactions  
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Atom   the smallest unit of matter  
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Element   a substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means  
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Energy   The capacity to do work  
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Reactant   A substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction  
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Product   A substance that forms in a chemical reaction  
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Activation energy   The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction  
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Substrate   The reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes  
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Active site   The site that attaches to a substrate on an enzyme  
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Created by: Victoria718
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