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Laboratory Animals and Exotics

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Question
Answer
anisodactyl   the foot shape of passerines; three toes point forward and one toe points to the rear  
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apteria   featherless areas of bird skin between feather tracts  
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choana   the V-shaped notch in the roof of the mouth in some species that provides communication between the nasal cavity and oropharynx  
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cloaca   in birds, reptiles, and amphibians, the terminal end of the urinary, reproductive, and gastrointestinal tracts  
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coverts   smaller feathers that cover the remiges and rectices of birds. They are for covering the body and play no role in flight  
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crop   In birds, an outpocketing of the esophagus; the outcropping or dilation of the esophagus located at the base of the neck, just cranial to the thoracic inlet  
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gizzard   muscular stomach in birds that grinds food into a digestible form  
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heterophil   a leukocyte of avian, reptile, and some fish species containing prominent eosinophilic granules; functionally equivalent to the mammalian neutrophil  
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passerines   one of the most common exotic companion animal seen in veterinary practices; canary and finch  
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pododermatitis   an inflammation of the ball of the foot of birds, guinea pigs, and other small animal; usually caused by infection with staphylococcus spp.  
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proventriculus   true stomach; unique to birds; contains digestive acid and enzymes  
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psittacines   one of the most common exotic companion animals seen in veterinary practices; cockatoo, macaw, parrot, conure, budgerigar, lovebird, cockatiel, parakeet, lorikeet  
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pterylae   the feather tracks on the skin of birds; specific tracts located on the surface of the body where feather follicles are located  
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remiges   contour feathers found on the wing of a bird  
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sexually dimorphic   refers to species in which the male and female differ in appearance  
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syrinx   enlargement of the trachea above the sternum. Contains muscles, air sacs, and vibrating membranes that collectively form the voice box of birds.  
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urates   the end product of nitrogenous waste production from the liver; excreted by the kidney as a pasty white to yellow material found in droppings of birds and reptiles  
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uropygial gland   in the bird, an oil-producing gland, also called the preen gland, used to waterproof feather; a bilobed gland with on duct opening that empties into a line papilla, found dorsally at the base of the tail; secretes a lipoid sebaceous material.  
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zygodactyl   the foot shape of psittacines; the second and third toes face forward and the first and fourth toes are directed backward.  
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coelom   a body cavity; in birds and reptiles, the coelom makes up the thoracic and abdominal cavities.  
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ventriculus   gizzard; a thickly muscled organ that grinds food into smaller particles  
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