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Cardio

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Quinapril   Func. Class: Antihypertensive Chem. Class: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor Action: reduce blood pressure  
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Ramipril   Func. Class: Antihypertensive Chem. Class: ACE inhibitor Action: Reduces high blood pressure  
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Losartan Potassium   Func. Class: Antihypertensive Chem. Class: Angiotensin II receptor (type AT1) Action: receptor blocker for high blood pressure  
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Losartan Potassium/Hydrochlorothiazide   Func. Class: Diuretic Chem. Class: Angiotensin II receptor Action: Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) + thiazide diuretic.  
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Olmesartan Medoxomil   Func. Class: Antihypertensive Chem. Class: Angiotensin II receptor (type AT1) antagonist Action: Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) for blood pressure  
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Valsartan   Func. Class: Antihypertensive Chem. Class: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist (type AT1) Action: Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) for blood pressure  
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Valsartan/Hydrochlorothiazide   Func. Class: Antihypertensive Chem. Class: Class: Angiotensin II receptor antagonist (type AT1) and thiazide diuretic for blood pressure Action: Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) for blood pressure and diuretic  
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Diltiazem Hydrochloride   Func. Class: Calcium channel blocker and antihypertensive drug Chem. Class: benzothiazepine Action: Calcium channel blocker used to lower blood pressure  
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Verapamil Hydrochloride   Func. Class: Calcium channel blocker and antihypertensive Chem. Class: Diphenylalkylamine Action: is to block voltage-dependent calcium channels  
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Amlodipine Besylate   Func. Class: Antianginal calcium channel blocker, antihypertensive Chem. Class: Dihydropyridine Action: Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker for high blood pressure  
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Amlodipine Besylate/Benazepril   Func. Class: Antianginal calcium channel blocker, antihypertensive Chem. Class: ACE inhibitor Action: dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker with ACE inhibitor for high blood pressure  
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Nifedipine   Func. Class: Calcium channel blocker, antihypertensive Chem. Class: Dihydropyridine Action: Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker to reduce blood pressure  
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Hydralazine Hydrochloride   Func. Class: Antihypertensive, vasodilator Chem. Class: Phthalazine Action: Directly relaxes vascular smooth muscle to cause peripheral vasodilation, decreasing arterial BP and peripheral vascular resistance.  
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Isosorbide Mononitrate   Func. Class: Antianginal, vasodilator Chem. Class: Nitrate Action: a nitrate that dilates (widens) blood vessels, making it easier for blood to flow through them and easier for the heart to pump. Can help with chest pain  
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Nitroglycerin   Func. Class: Coronary vasodilator, anyianginal Chem. Class: Nitrate Action: decreses pre/afterload which decreases left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and reduce high blood pressure  
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Atorvastatin   Func. Class: Antilipidemic Chem. Class:HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Action: inhibits HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, which reduces cholesterol synthesis leads to plaque regression  
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Lovastatin   Func. Class: Antilipemic Chem. Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Action: inhibits HMG-CoA reductase which reduces cholesterol synthesis  
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Pravastatin Sodium   Func. Class: Antilipemic Chem. Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Action: used to lower blood cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke and death  
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Rosuvastatin Calcium   Func. Class: Antilipemic Chem. Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Action: used to lower blood cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke and death  
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Aspirin   Func. class.: ​Opiate analgesic Chem. class.: ​Semisynthetic derivative Action: Inhibits ascending pain pathways in CNS, increases pain threshold, alters pain perception Used: mod-severe pain  
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Furosemide   Func. class.: ​Loop diuretic Chem. class.: ​Sulfonamide derivative ACTION: Ascending loop of Henle in kidney, inhibiting reabsorption of electrolytes; inc. excretion of K+ in the distal tubule of the kidney; responsible for slight antihypertensive effec  
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Chlorthalidone   Func. class.:Diuretic Action: Treats high blood pressure  
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Hydrochlorothiazide   Func. class.: Diuretic, antihypertensive Chem. class.: Thiazide, sulfonamide derivative ACTION: acts on the distal tubule in the kidney, increasing excretion of sodium, water, chloride, and potassium USES: Edema, hypertension, diuresis, CHF  
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Hydrochlorothiazide; Triamterene   Func. class.: Diuretic, antihypertensive Chem. class.: Thiazide, sulfonamide derivative ACTION: acts on the distal tubule in the kidney, increasing excretion of sodium, water, chloride, and potassium USES: Edema, hypertension, diuresis, CHF  
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Spironolactone   Func. class.: ​Potassium-sparing diuretic Chem. class.: ​Aldosterone antagonist ACTION:Competes w/ aldosterone at receptor sites in distal tubule in the renal system, causing excretion of sodium chloride, water, retention of potassium, phosphate  
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Potassium   Func. class.: ​Electrolyte, mineral replacement Chem. class.: ​Potassium ACTION: used for adequate transmission of nerve impulses & cardiac contraction, renal function, intracellular ion maintenance  
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Doxazosin Mesylate   Func. class.: Peripheral α-adrenergic blocker, antihypertensive Chem. class.: Quinazoline ACTION: dilates peripheral blood vessels, PBV resistance lowers, reduction in BP results from blocked peripheral α-adrenergic receptors  
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Terazosin   Func. class.: ​Antihypertensive Chem. class.: ​α-Adrenergic blocker (peripherally acting) ACTION: dilates peripheral blood vessels, PBV resistance lowers, reduction in BP results from blocked peripheral α-adrenergic receptors  
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Clonidine   Func. class.: Antihypertensive, centrally acting analgesic Chem. class.: α-adrenergic agonist Action: Inhibits sympathetic vasomotor center in CNS, reduces impulses in Sympathetic NS; BP, pulse rate, cardiac output decreased  
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Propranolol Hydrochloride   Func. class.: ​Antihypertensive, antianginal, antidysrhythmic (class III) Chem. class.: ​β-Adrenergic blocker ACTION:Nonselective β-blocker with negative inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic properties  
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Propranolol Hydrochloride/Hydrochlorothiazide   Func. class.: AHTN, antianginal, antidysrhythmic ACTION:Nonselective β-blocker w/ negative inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic properties Func class: Diuretic, AHTN ACTION: acts on the distal tubule in the kidney, inc. excretion of Na+, h2o, Cl, and K  
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Atenolol   Func. class.: ​Antihypertensive Chem. class.: ​β-Blocker; β1-, β2-blocker (high doses) slows conduction of AV node, dec. HR, dec. O2 consumption in myocardium; dec. renin-aldosterone-angiotensin system at high doses,  
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Atenolol; Chlorthalidone   Antihypertensive Action decreases heart rate and blood pressure Func. class.:Diuretic Action: Treats high blood pressure  
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Simvastatin   Func. Class: Antilipemic ChemClass: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Action: used to lower blood cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke and death  
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Fenofibrate   Func. Class: Antilipemic Chem. Class: Fibric acid derivative Action: lowers triglyceride and cholesterol levels  
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Gemfibrozil   Func. Class: Antilipemic Chem. Class: fibric acid derivative Action: lowers triglyceride and cholesterol levels  
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Ezetimibe   Func. Class: Antilipemic Action: decreases cholesterol/triglyceride levels  
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Ezetimibe; Simvastatin   Func. Class: Antilipemic Chem. Class: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor Action: used to lower blood cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke and death  
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Warfarin   Func. Class: Anticoagulant Action: prevention of clotting  
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Dabigatran Etexilate Mesylate   Func. Class: Anticoagulant Chem. Class: Thrombin inhibitor Action: Decreased thrombus formation/extension  
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Rivaroxaban   Func. Class: Anticoagulant Chem. Class: Factor Xa inhibitor Action: oral or novel anticoagulant that prevents DVT, stroke and systemic embolism  
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Clopidogrel Bisulfate   Func. Class: Platelet aggregation inhibitor Chem. Class: Thienopyridine derivative Action: decreases possibility of stroke, MI by decreasing platelet aggregation  
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Digoxin   Func. Class: Inotropic antidysrhythmic cardiac glycoside Chem. Class: Digitalis preparation Action: inhibits Na--K+ ATPase which increase calcium for contractile proteins=increases cardiac output/decreased edema/pulse  
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Amiodarone Hydrochloride   Func. Class: Antidysrhythmic (Class III) Chem. Class: Iodinated benzofuran Action: decreased amount/severity of ventricular dysrhythamias  
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Metoprolol   Func. class.: ​Antihypertensive, antianginal Action: Lowers B/P; reduces elevated renin plasma levels; blocks β2-adrenergic receptors in bronchial  
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Carvedilol   Func. class.: Antihypertensive Action: decreases cardiac output, exercise-induced tachycardia, reflex orthostatic tachycardia; causes reduction in peripheral vascular resistance & vasodilatation  
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Nebivolol Hydrochloride   Func. class.: ​Antihypertensive slows conduction of AV node = decreased HR, decreases O2 consumption, decreases renin-aldosterone-angiotensin system at high doses  
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Benazepril Hydrochloride   Func. class.: ​Antihypertensive Suppresses renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; inhibits ACE, preventing conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II  
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Enalapril Maleate   Func. class.: ​Antihypertensive (used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure) inhibits ACE; prevents conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, resulting in dilatation of arterial and venous vessels  
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Lisinopril   Func. class.: ​Antihypertensive, angiotensin converting enzyme Action: Selectively suppresses renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; inhibits ACE; prevents conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II Used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure  
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Lisinopril; Hydrochlorothiazide   Func. class.: ​Antihypertensive, Diuretic Chem class.: ​Enalaprilat lysine analog, Thiazide inhibits ACE; prevents conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II Used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure  
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