Basic chemistry terms in chapter two
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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Atoms | The smallest functional unit of an element that remains all the properties of that element
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Protons | Positive particles found in the nucleus
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Neutrons | Neutrally charged particles found in the nucleus
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Electrons | Negatively charged particles found in the orbitals
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Orbital | Area of an atom in which the probability of an electron is high
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S-orbitals | spherical; 'first' layer of an atom and has a maximum number of eight electrons
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P-orbitals | propeller or dumbbell shaped
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Atomic Mass | indicates an atoms mass relative to the mass of other atoms; number of protons and neutrons
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Isotopes | multiple forms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons
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Atomic Number | Number of protons in an atom
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Molecule | Two or more atoms bonded together
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Molecular Formula | Contains chemical symbols of elements found in a molecule with subscript indicating how many of each atom are present
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Compound | Molecule composed of two or more elements
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Three types of Bonds | Covalent (polar and nonpolar), hydrogen, and ionic.
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Covalent | involves atoms that share a pair of electrons
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Hydrogen bonds | form when a hydrogen atom from one polar molecule is attracted to an electronegative atom in another polar molecule
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Ionic Bonds | occur when a cation binds to an anion
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Cations | Net positive charge
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Anions | Net negative charge
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Ionic Bonds | An atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons
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Chemical Equilibrium | The state in which both reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time.
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Solvent | Liquid
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Solute | Substances that dissolve in solvent
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Hydrophilic | Molecules that are water loving
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Hydrophobic | Molecules that are water fearing
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Amphipathic | Molecules that have both polar/ionized and nonpolar regions that form micelles (hydrophobic spheres) in water
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Concentration | Amount of a solute dissolved in a unit volume of solution
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Molarity | Number of moles of a solute dissolved in 1 Liter of water
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Cohesion | Attraction between water molecules
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Adhesion | Attraction between water molecules and surrounding molecules
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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