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Lesson 5-8

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
What is a karyotype   A picture of chromosomes arranged from largest to smallest.  
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What is the purpose of meiosis?   Production of gametes.  
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What is the purpose of mitosis?   Cell division for growth and repair.  
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What happens to the pairs of chromosomes during meiosis?   They separate, leaving only one of each pair in a gamete.  
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What happens to the total number of chromosomes in a cell after meiosis.   It is cut in half.  
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What is a gamete?   Reproductive cell (egg/sperm, ovule/pollen)  
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What is a gene?   A section of DNA that codes for a trait.  
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What does the gene instruct the organism to produce?   A protein.  
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What "organism" were you working with?   Yllis  
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How many copies of each gene does each parent contribute to the child?   One.  
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How many combinations of gametes did you get from the Yllis   8.  
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What is the formula for how many combinations you can get?   2 to the ___ power.  
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How many possible combinations are there for human gametes (23 pairs of chromosomes)   8,000,000 or more.  
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What is the law of segregation?   Alleles separate during meiosis.  
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What is the law of independent assortment?   Chromosome pairs separate independent of each other.  
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What is a PHenotype?   PHysical appearance.  
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What is a GENotype?   GENes - alles - information in cells.  
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In a model, phenotypes are ___ while genotypes are ___.   Written out, abbreviated.  
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Why can 2 non-purple plants not produce offspring that do not look like them?   Because they have no purple allele to pass on.  
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What is a dominate allele?   The one that is expressed if it is there.  
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What is a recessive allele?   On that is less likely to show.  
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What is a carrier?   Someone who shows dominate trait, but has the recessive allele.  
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How can two non-albino parents have an albino child?   They are carriers of the gene.  
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How can an albino person have non-albino offspring?   If he mates with a non-albino.  
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IS the trait for bad cholesterol recessive or dominate?   Dominant.  
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What is co-dominance?   When both alleles are expressed.  
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Explain pedigree.   A family tree, but for traits.  
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Explain a genotype.   The instructions inside a cell.  
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Explain Meiosis.   the separation of cells that reduces the number of chromosomes in a parent cell.  
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Explain the formation of gametes.   DNA is replicated one at a time, creating gametes.  
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