Vocabulary
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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Metal | A class of elements characterized by physical properties that include shininess, malleability, ductility, and conductivity
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malleable | can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets and other shapes
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ductile | can be pulled out, or drawn, into a long wire
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conductivity | ability to transfer heat or electricity to another object
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reactivity | the ease and speed that an element combines or reacts with other elements
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corrosion | the gradual wearing away of a metal element due to a chemical reaction
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alkali metals | an element in Group 1, from lithium to francium
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alkaline earth metals | an element in Group 2, from Beryllium to Radium
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transition metals | elements in Groups 3 -12, hard and shiny, good conductors of electricity, form colorful compounds
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Lanthanides | soft, malleable shiny metals with high conductivity
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Alloy | a mixture of a metal with at least one other element, usually another metal
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actinides | elements below lanthanides, 1st 4 occur naturally on Earth, others made in a lab
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Synthetic Elements | Elements with atomic numbers higher than 92
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particle accelerators | a machine that moves atomic nuclei at higher and higher speeds until they crash into one another, sometimes forming heavier elements
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Nonmetal | an element that lacks most of the properties of metal
Physical Properties: dull and brittle, can break and crumble, poor conductors of electricity and heat
Chemical Properties: reactive with other elements, form compounds, can share electrons
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Diatomic molecule | Consists of two atoms
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Halogen | Elements from group 17 - salt forming
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Semiconductors | substances that can conduct electricity only under some conditions; used to make computer chips, transistors, & lasers
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Metalloids | have characteristics of both metals and nonmetals; solid at room temperature; brittle; hard; somewhat reactive
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Noble Gas | unreactive; do not gain, lose or share electrons; exist only in small amounts
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Hydrogen | element with the simplest and smallest atoms; makes up 90% of atoms in universe; sun and stars mostly made up of it
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nebula | eventually a star shrinks and the element spreads into space forming a cloud like region of gases
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supernova | huge explosion that breaks apart a massive star, producing temperature up to 1 billion degrees Celsius;
-provides enough energy for the nuclear fusion reactions that create the heaviest elements
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Nuclear Fusion | process in which two atomic nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus, releasing huge amounts of energy
-occurs in stars, combining smaller nuclei into larger nuclei creating heavier elements
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plasma | -state of matter consist of a gas-like mixture of free electrons and atoms stripped of electrons
- can be produced by high-voltage or electrical spark
-forms inside fluorescent light, flat screen TVs
-Sun's plasma is under high pressure
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Atomic # = | # of protons
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Atomic # = | # of electrons
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# of protons = | # of electrons
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Rounded off atomic mass - atomic # = | # of neutrons
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Created by:
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