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india vocab

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Term
Definition
Hinduism   one of the oldest religions in the world, beginning with the Aryans; thousands of gods and goddesses  
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caste system   established social groups that people are born into and cannot change  
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Sanskrit   the language of India, developed by the Aryans  
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Brahman   the universal spirit  
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Brahmin   caste of Hindu priests  
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Reincarnation   the idea of passing through many lives to achieve Brahman  
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Dharma   the Divine Law  
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Karma   the consequences of how a person lives  
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Hindu   Arabic numerals/0  
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Asoka   history’s 1st great Buddhist king  
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Buddhism   religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama, known as the Buddha (“enlightened one”) by his followers  
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Theocracy   when a religious leader is head of the government  
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Aryans   a group of people from central Asia who raised and herded animals—also great warriors  
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tribal migration   who migrated into India  
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Indus River   water flows down from the Himalayan Mountains and when controlled can be used for farming; the area around the river is called the Indus River Valley  
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Mauryan Empire   India’s 1st empire  
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Gupta Empire   followed the Mauryan empire—smaller and wealthier—involved in increased trace; India’s “golden age” of art and learning  
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Vedas   ancient hymns and prayers for religious ceremonies  
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four noble truths   foundation of Buddhist teachings: suffering, the cause of suffering, the end of suffering, and the path that leads to the end of  
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four noble truths   sufferingLife is filled with suffering Suffering is caused by people's wants. Suffering can be ended if people stop wanting things, like more pleasure or more power. To stop wanting things, people must follow 8 basic laws, called the Eightfold Path.  
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Eightfold path—according to the Buddha, the eight steps to eliminate suffering They are:   · To know the truth · To intend to resist evil · To not say anything to hurt others · To respect life, property, and morality · To work at a job that does not injure others · To try to free one's mind f  
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Eightfold path—according to the Buddha, the eight steps to eliminate suffering They are:   · To respect life, property, and morality · To work at a job that does not injure others · To try to free one's mind from evil · To be in control of one's feelings and thoughts · To practice appropriate forms of  
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culture—   the beliefs, customs, and arts of a particular society  
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politics   the management of government or actions and ideas that influence government  
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