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Chapter 53,54, 55 Iggy

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Term
Definition
stomatitis   inflammation of oral mucosa, "canker sores"  
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aphthous stomatitis   non-infectious inflammation of oral mucosa  
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candidiasis   painful fungal infection, "moniliasis"  
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dysphagia   difficulty swallowing  
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leukoplakia   thickened, white, firmly attached patches that cannot be scraped off  
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erythroplakia   red, velvety mucosal lesions on the surface of oral mucosa, precancerous  
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periodontal disease   degenerative gum disease resulting in tooth and mandibular bone loss  
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cryotherapy   extreme cold application  
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glossectomy   tongue removal  
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mandibulectomy   jaw removal  
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commando procedure   combined neck dissection, mandibulectomy and oropharyngeal resection  
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acute sialadentis   inflammation of salivary gland  
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sialagogues   substances that stimulate the flow of saliva  
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xerostomia   very dry mouth caused by a severe reduction in the flow of saliva  
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parotidectomy   surgical removal of the parotid glands  
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gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD   chronic, persistent backward flow of stomach contents into the esophagus  
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gastroesophageal reflux GER   backward flow of stomach contents into the esophagus  
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lower esophageal sphincter LES   small portion at the gastroesophageal junction near the cardiac sphincter  
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erosion   ulceration  
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Barrett's epithelium   columnar epithelium, more resistant to acid, premalignant, results from exposure to acid and pepsin, response to tissue injury  
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esophageal stricture   narrowing of the esophageal opening  
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dyspepsia   indigestion  
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regurgitation   backward flow into the throat of food particles or fluid  
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water brash   sensation of fluid in the throat without bitter or sour taste  
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eructation   belching  
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flatulence   gas  
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odynophagia   painful swallowing  
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upper endoscopy esophagogastroduodenoscopy EGD   insertion of an endoscope down the throat to see esophagus and look for abnormalities  
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pH monitoring examination   most accurate method of dx GERD  
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hiatal hernia   "diaphragmatic hernias" protrusion of the stomach through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm of the chest.  
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metastasize   spread throughout the body  
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stricture   narrowing  
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halitosis   foul breath  
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esophagectomy   removal of part or all of the esophagus  
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esophagogastrostomy   removal of part of the esophagus and proximal stomach  
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minimally invasive esophagectomy MIE   laparoscopic-assisted procedure for pt with early-stage cancer  
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pyloromyotomy   cutting and suturing the pylorus  
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colon interposition   section of right or left colon is removed and brought up into the thorax to substitute for the esophagus  
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diverticula   sacs resulting from the herniation of esophageal mucosa and submucosa into surrounding tissue  
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autodigestion   protective mucosal barrier that prevents the stomach from digesting itself  
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acute gastritis   inflammation of the gastric mucosa or submucosa after exposure to local irritants  
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chronic gastritis   spread out inflammation of the mucosal lining of the stomach  
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pernicious anemia   results when vitamin b12 is depleted  
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type a chronic gastritis   associated with the presence of antibodies to parietal cells and intrinsic factor  
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atrophic gastritis   chronic gastritis seen in older adults, often occurs after exposure to toxic substances in the workplace, h. pylori infection or autoimmune factors  
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hematemesis   vomiting blood  
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melena   dark, sticky feces  
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dyspepsia   heartburn, indigestion  
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H2-receptor antagonists   used to block gastric secretion, a mucosal barrier fortifier  
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proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)   antisecretory agents to suppress gastric acid secretions  
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peptic ulcer   mucosal lesion of the stomach or duodenum  
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peptic ulcer disease PUD   mucosal defenses become impaired and no longer protect the epithelium from the effects of acid and pepsin  
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stress ulcers   multiple shallow erosions of the stomach and occasionally the proximal duodenum  
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Curling's ulcer   ulcer in pt with extensive burnes  
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Cushing's ulcer   ulcer in pt with increased intracranial pressure  
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gastric lavage   instillation of room-temp solution in volumes of 200-300 mL  
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achlorhydria   absences of secretion of hydrochloric acid  
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dumping syndrome   a group of vasomotor symptoms that occur after eating  
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alkaline reflux gastropathy   bile reflux gastropathy, complication of gastric surgery in which the pylorus is bypassed and removed  
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