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Chapter 14 Periodontium

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Question
Answer
Periodontium is made up of?   Cementum, alveolar bones, and periodontal ligament.  
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What is the function of the periodontium?   support soft and hard tissues between the alveolar bone and tooth.  
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Where does the cementum develop from?   The dental sac.  
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When does the cementum from?   after Henrtwigs epithelial root sheath disintegrates  
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What cells make up the cementum?   Cementoblasts  
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What do the cementoblasts lay down?   cementoid.  
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What is dentinal hypersensitivity?   When the cementum does cover the entire portion of dentin and leaves a little exposed.  
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How does cementum repair work?   Cementum is deposited and resorbed in increments creating incremental lines, resulting in a protective mechanism for the root.  
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What is acellular (primary) cementum?   Consists of the first layers of cementum deposited at the DCJ, at least one layer all over the root.  
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What is acellular (primary) cementum?   Consists of the first layers of cementum deposited at the DCJ, at least one layer all over the root.  
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What is cellular (secondary) cementum?   The last layer of cementum deposited over the acellular cementum, covered the apical one third of the root.  
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How does cementum repair work?   Cementum is deposited and resorbed in increments creating incremental lines, resulting in a protective mechanism for the root.  
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What is acellular (primary) cementum?   Consists of the first layers of cementum deposited at the DCJ, at least one layer all over the root.  
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What is cellular (secondary) cementum?   The last layer of cementum deposited over the acellular cementum, covered the apical one third of the root.  
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Important function of cellular cementum?   Layers are added during the life of the tooth.  
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Clinical Considerations of Cementum.   Gingival Recession, cemental caries, cementicles, cemental spurs, hypercementosis.  
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Basal Bone   bone that is apical to the roots and forms the body of the maxilla and mandible.  
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Function of the alveolar bone   Develops initially as a protection to the developing tooth. Supports the developing root.  
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What is fenestration?   area of bone loss where an apical root penetrates the cortical bone.  
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What is dehiscence?   Bone loss in the coronal area of the root?  
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What is the alveolar crest?   Most cervical rim of the alveolar bone proper  
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What is the alveolar bone proper?   The lining of the alveolus with compact bone.  
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What is the periodontal ligament? (PDL)   Fibrous connective tissue between the alveolar bone proper and the cementum covering the root.  
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Where does the periodontal ligament develop from?   Dental sac.  
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What is the function of the periodontal ligament?   Support the teeth during mastication, sense pain pressure and temperature, provides nutrition for the cels.  
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What makes up the PDL?   Intersitial spaces, blood vessels, nerves, cells  
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What 6 cells make up the PDL?   Fibroblasts, osteoblasts, cemtoblasts, macrophages, osteoclasts, and epithelial rests of Malassez.  
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What are the principle fibers of the PDL?   Gingival fiber group, circular ligament, dentogingival ligament, alveologingival ligament, and dentoperiosteal ligament.  
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What are the alevolodental fibers of the PDL?   Alveolar crest group, horizontal group, oblique group, apical group, intteradicular group.  
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