NRTC
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Antihistamines | diphenhydramine (Benadryl) loratadine (Claritin) cetirzine (Zyrtec)
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glucocorticoids due what | immunosuppresant and anti inflammatory
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NSAIDS | treat inflammation. pain and fever
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immunosuppresants | treat autoimmune disorders, organ transplants
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antihelmetics | treat parasites (worms)
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pediculicides | treatment for lice (permethrin cream, Elimite, NIX)
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scabicides | scabies (permethrin, lindane)
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antineoplastics | cancer tx (chemo)
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pencillins (-cillins) | penicillin G (Bicillin LA) ampicillin (Principen), piperacillin tazobactam (Zosyn) methicillin;amoxicillin (Augmentin)
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penicillins work by | destroying bacteria by weakening the bacterial cell wall
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penicillins side effects | allergies/anaphylaxis, renal impairment, hyperkalemia/dysrhthmias or hypernatremia
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do not use pencillins if a patient has a history of | allergies to cephalosporins or penicillin or if pt has kidney dysfunctions because of cross reaction
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penicillin nursing interventions | penicillin & amoxicillin take with food
all others take with full glass of water 1 to 2 hours before eating
complete the entire course
lab tests for Bun & creatine
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cephalosporins (cef-) | 4 generations and each tougher than the last
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cephalosporins side effects | hypersensitivity/anaphylaxis
bleeding tendencies (caution with drug thinners)
pain with IM injections
no pt with renal or bleeding tendencies
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cephalosporins nursing interventions | take full prescription
take oral with food
store oral in refridgerator
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monobactams | vancomycin (Vancocin) fosfomycin (Monurol)
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monobactams uses | MRSA or C-DIFF
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monobactams side effects | ototoxicity, infusion reactions, thrombophlebitis
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can you use monobactams with otic medicaitons | False
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can you use monobactums with loop diuretics | False
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can you use monobacutms on patients with renal dysfunciton | no
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monobactums is hard on the veins | true
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peak and troughs for monobactums | true
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tetracyclines (-cyclines) | teracyclines (Sumycin) doxycycline (Vibramycin), minocylcine (Minocin)
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teracycline can be given at bedtime | false
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peaks and troughs are usually drawn every 72 hours | true
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side effect of tetracycline on the teeth | yellow/brown tooth discoloration and erosion of tooth enamel
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other side effects of teracycline | heptatoxicity and photosensitivity
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do not use teracyclines after what month of pregnancy and in children under what age | 4th month and children under the age of 8
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liver and renal patients need to use teracyclines with caution | true
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can you drink milk or take calcium supplements while taking tetracyclines | NO
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take tertacycline on an empty stomach with a full glass of water | true
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are oral contraceptives effective if you are taking tetracylcine | no
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trough is the lowest dose of the med | true
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peak happens at what time frame after the infusion | 30 minutes to 2 hours
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macrolides | erthromycin (E-Mycin) azithromycin (Zithromax)
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what antibiotic is used for patients with penicillin allergy | Macrolides
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side effects of macrolides | gi discomfort, heptatoxicity, cardiac dysrhthmias
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what drug interacts with Macrolides | warfarin
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macrolides nursing interventions | take 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after with full glass of water
IV route is rarely used
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aminoglycosides | gentamicin (Garamycin)
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aminoglycosides side effects | ototoxity, nphrotoxicity, streptomycin-neurologic disorder
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do not use aminoglycosides with patients who have preexisting hearing loss or with pts taking loop diuretics | true
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monitor peak and troughs in aminoglycosides for aminoglycoside levels | true
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trimethoprim & sulfonamides | trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)
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timethoprim-sulfamethoxazole side effects | hypersensitivity, crystalluria, photosensitivity
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timethoprim-sulfamethoxazole interactions | warfarin (Comadin), phenytoin (Dilantin) sufonylurea oral hypoglycemics
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timethoprim-sulfamethoxazole nursing interventions | take on an empty stomach, maintain fluid, hard on the kidneys
Drink lots of H2o
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Fluoroquinolones | ciprofloxacin (Cipro) ofloxacin (Floxin) lomefloaxin (Maxaquin)
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Fluoroquinolones side effects | gi discomfort so take with food, hepatoxicity, achilles tendon rupture and supra infection (thrush and yeast) phototoxicity
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Fluoroquinolones interactions | theophylline & warfarin- levels will increase if using cipro
milk/dairy products/magnesium antacids decrease the absorption of cipro
do not take if under 18 years old due to Achilles tendon rupture
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antiprotozoals | metronidazole (Flagyl)
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antiprotozoals are used for | treating protozoal infections like C-Diff and trichomoniasis
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antiprotozoals side effects | gi distress, metallic taste, dry mouth, CNS symptoms like numbness of extremities, seizures and severe headache. Stop ASAP and contact PCP
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antiprotozoals interactions | warfarin, ETOH
acts like Antabuse
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antifungals | ketoconazole (Nizoral) nystatin (Mycostatin) miconazole (Monistat 3) clotrimazole (Lotrimin) terbinafine (Lamisil) fluconazole (Diflucan)
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antifugal uses | systemic fungal infections
superfical fungal infections like athletes foot, jock itch and nail fungus
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antifugal side effects | heptatoxicity/nephrotoxicity
effects sex hormones (effects sex hormones)
avoid use in people with reduced renal function
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antivirals | acyclovir (Zovirax) oseltamivir (Tamiflu) ganciclovir (Cytovene)
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antiviral uses | acyclovir is used for herpes and varicella zoster infections
Oseltamivir types A & B influenza
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antiviral side effects | nephrotosicity
mild GI discomfort with oral meds
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anti viral interventions | topical use gloves to avoid transfer
maintain hydration and monitor for signs of inflitration
take with food if GI symptoms occur
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