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Health Assessment Final

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Term
Definition
Neer Test   Performed by having patient internally rotate shoulder while examiner forward flexes arm to 150 degrees (Rotator cuff tear)  
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Thumb Abduction Test   Pt hand palm up and raise thumb perpendicular. Apply downward pressure on thumb to test strength. (Carpal Tunnel Syndrome)  
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McMurray   Pt supine and flex one knee while other leg rotated to medial position. Positive sign is audible click, grind, or pain. (Torn Medial/Lateral meniscus)  
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Bragard Stretch   Lumbar disk herniation test  
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Barlow-Ortolani Maneuver   Detect hip dislocation  
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Gower Sign   Child uses hand to push off floor into standing position (Muscular dystrophy)  
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Allis Sign   One knee appears lower than other is positive sign (Hip dislocation or shortened femur)  
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Tinel   When striking pt's wrist with index finger, where median nerve is, tingling sensation results as positive sign (Carpel tunnel syndrome)  
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Phalen   Ask patient to hold both wrist s in palmar flexed position for 1 minute, positive sign in tingling and numbness (Carpel Tunnel Syndrome) "praying"  
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Hawkins Test   Flex shoulder to 90 degrees, then elbow 90 degrees, then internally rotating to maximum limit. Positive sign is pain (Rotator cuff inflammation or tear)  
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Flick Test   If movement of wrist, similar to shaking thermometer, causes hand pain or discomfort is positive test  
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Ballotment   Determines presence of fluid of an effusion in knee through extension, applying downward pressure on suprapatellar pouch with thumb and forefinger then pushing patella downward against femur with finger of other hand  
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Bulge Sign   Determines presence of excess fluid in knee by having pt extend knee while examiner milks medical aspect of knee upward two or three times, and then taps lateral side of patella  
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Trendelenburg Sign   A/w testing of weak hip abductor muscles  
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Lachman Test   Evaluates anterior cruciate ligament integrity  
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Frontal   Personality, behavior, emotions, intellectual function, voluntary movement  
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Broca's Area   Speech formation (if damaged = expressive aphasia)  
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Parietal   Processes senses (touch, pain, etc)  
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Occipital   Visual receptor and interpretation  
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Spinal Cord   Mediates reflexes  
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Temporal   Sounds interpreted  
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Wernicke's Area   Gives meaning to spoken/written language  
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Brain Stem   Controls involuntary functions  
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Cerebellum   Coordination of voluntary movements, equilibrium, and muscle tone  
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Aging   Decreases in light adjustment, corneal reflex, gag reflex, color discrimination, upward gaze, taste buds  
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Sequence for Neuro Exam   Mental status, cranial nerves, motor system, sensory system, reflexes  
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Romberg Test   Positive if looses balance (look for swaying with closed eyes)  
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Proprioception   Move up or down, will see abnormal with peripheral neuropathies  
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Stereognosis   Tactile discrimination using common objects  
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Graphesthesia   Drawing letter or number on patients hands with continuous motion  
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Clonus   Hyperactive Reflexes - check with foot  
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DTR 0   No response  
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DTR 1+   Sluggish  
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DTR 2+   Expected  
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DTR 3+   More brisk than expected  
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DTR 4+   Hyperactive  
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Decorticate   Posture pulls in to core, indicates cerebral damage  
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Decerebrate   Posture pulls out from core, indicates brainstem damage (pronation of arms and plantar flexion)  
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Nuchal rigidity   stiff neck a/w meningitis and intracranial hemorrhage  
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Brudzinski   Involuntary flexion of hip/knees when examiner flexes patients neck  
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Kernig   Flex the leg @ hip and knee while supine. Pain in lower back and resistance to straighten leg is + sign.  
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Synovial Joint   Freely moveable joints  
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Bursae   Fluid filled sacs in spaces of CT btwn tendons, ligaments, and bones to reduce friction  
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Nonsynovial Joint   Bones connected by fibrous tissue or cartilage and not moveable  
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Osteoarthritis Risk Factors   Obesity, family hx, lax ligaments w/ postural joint abn, & age >40  
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Osteoporosis Risk Factors   White, Asian, Native Americans, light body frame, family hx, menopause before 45, diabetes, poor teeth, smoking, alcohol, lack of weight bearing activities  
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Sports Injury Risk Factors   Poor physical conditioning, lack of warm-up exercises, intense competition, contact sports, rapid growth, joint overuse  
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Scoliosis   One shoulder will be higher and arms different lengths when bent over  
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Lordosis   Accentuated normal lumbar curve, normal in pregnancy, and common with obesity  
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Kyphosis   Hunch back  
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Rotator Cuff Tendonitis   Inability to raise arms up  
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Ganglion Cyst   Round cystic, nontender nodule over tendon sheath or joint capsule (benign)  
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Genu Valgum   Knock Knees  
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Genu Varum   Bow legs  
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Pes Planus   Flat feet  
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Pes Cavus   High Arch  
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Hallux Valgus   Great toe deviated laterally and may overlap 2nd toe  
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Bunion   Inflammed bursa usually on medial side  
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Gout   Increased uric acid  
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Rotator Cuff Tests   Neer & Hawkins  
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Carpal Tunnel Tests   Phanel, Tinel, Thumb Abduction, Flick  
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Knee Tests   Ballotment, Bulge McMurray, Lachman, Drawer  
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Hip Tests   Barlow-Ortolani, Allis, Trendelenburg, Thomas  
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Constipating Medications   Iron and Opiods  
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Children Abdomen Considerations   Constipation, toilet training, pica, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain  
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Infant Abdomen Considerations   Birth weight, meconium stool passage, jaundice, vomiting, diarrhea, abdomen enlargement  
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Pregnancy Abdomen Considerations   Urinary symptoms (1&3rd trimester), fetal movements (20 weeks), constipation (bc colon higher and more lateral/posterior)  
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Older Adult Abdomen Considerations   Blunted manifestations: symptoms less severe, signs less pronounced, pain diminished/absent  
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Scaphoid   Hollowed out appearance  
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Intestinal Obstruction, paralytic ileus, peritonitis   Reasons for changes in bowel sounds  
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