Anatomy & Physiology
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Systems | Group of organs working together to perform one of the body's major functions. They have separate and distinct functions, but rely on one another to perform their tasks.
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Respiratory System | This system performs respiration, the process that suppose the body with a constant supply of oxygen. (Lungs and the airways)
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Cardiovascular System | Heart and blood vessels transport blood throughout the body, the blood carries oxygen & nutrients to the tissues and removes waste from the tissues.
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Skeletal System | Supports and protects the body and is the body's framework.
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Muscular System | Consists of muscles and cartilage, also provides body movement.
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Nervous System | Regulates most body activities, sends and receives messages from the sensory organs. (Brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves)
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Endocrine System | Glands that secrete hormones for the regulation of many of the body's activities.
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Sensory System | Eyes, ears and the parts of other systems that are involved in the reactions of the five senses
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Digestive System | All the organs of digestion, absorption and elimination of waste, necessary for the normal intake of food and water into our body.
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Urinary System | Eliminates metabolic waste, helps to maintain acid-base and water-salt balance, and helps regulate blood pressure. (kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra)
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Integumentary System | Skin and the accessory structures, which are hair, nails, sweat glands, and oil glands. The skin is the largest organ and serves to cover and protect our body.
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Lymphatic and Immune systems | Glands of the lymphatic system, lymphatic vessels and the nonspecific and specific defenses of the immune system. These system help protect the body from infection and disease.
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Reproductive System | Controls reproduction and heredity. FEMALES CONSIST (ovaries , vagina, fallopian tubes, uterus, and mammary glands, or breast) MALES CONSIST (testes, penis, prostate gland, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles)
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Dorsal Cavity | On the back side of the body
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Cranial Cavity | Holds the brain
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Spinal Cavity | Holds the spinal cord
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Ventral Cavity | On the front side of the body
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Diaphragm | Separated into two parts by a muscle
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Thoracic Cavity | Above the diaphragm, hold the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels.
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Abdominal Cavity | Below the diaphragm, hold the organs of the digestive and urinary systems.
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Pelvic Cavity | The bottom portion of the abdominal, it contains the reproductive system.
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Anatomical Position | body is standing erect, facing forward, with the arms ate the sides, and the palms facing forward
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Anterior or Ventral | Means the front side of the body
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Posterior or Dorsal | Means the back side of the body
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Inferior | Means below another structure
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Superior | Means above another structure
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Lateral | Means to the side
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Medial | Means middle or near the medial plane of the body
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Superficial | Means on or near the surface
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Proximal | Means near the point of attachment to the trunk.
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Distal | Means away from the point of attachment to the trunk.
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Supine | Means lying on one's spine facing upward
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Prone | Means lying on one's stomach facing downward.
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Sagittal Plane | Divides the body into two parts, right and left.
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Midsagittal Plane | Plane divides into equal right and left parts.
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Frontal or Coronal Plane | divides the body into anterior and posterior sections.
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Transverse Plane | Divides the body horizontally into a top, or superior part and a bottom or inferior part.
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Epigastric Region | The area above the stomach
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Hypochondriac Region | The two regions just below the ribs, immediately over the abdomen.
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Umbilical Region | The region surrounding the umbilicus (navel)
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Lumbar Regions | The two regions near the waist
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Hypogastric Region | The area just below the umbilical region
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Iliac or inguinal Regions | The two regions near the upper portion of the hipbone
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Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ) | Contains portions of small intestines and colon, left ovary and fallopian tubes, and left ureter.
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Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) | Contains portions of small intestines and colon, right ovary and fallopian tube, appendix and right ureter.
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Right upper Quadrant (RUQ) | Right love of liver, gallbladder, portions of the pancreas, small intestines, and colon
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Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ) | Left lobe of liver, spleen, stomach, portions of the pancreas, small intestine and colon
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