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science vocabulary

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Term
Definition
trait   the different forms of charactoristics  
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heredity   the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring  
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genetics   of,related to or produced by genes  
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Gregor Mendel   the scientist who discovered the principles of heredity in the monastery garden  
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dominant trait   the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred  
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recessive trait   a trait that appears in the second generation often disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred  
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Genes   one set of instructions for an inherited trait  
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alleles   one of the alternative form of a gene that governs a charactoristic  
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phenotype   an organisms appearance or other detectable charactoristic  
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genotype   the entire genetic makeup of a organism  
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purebred   a plant with 2 domenint or 2 recessive alleles  
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hybrid   a plant that has a genotype (PP)  
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probability   the likelihood that a possible future will occur in any given instance of the event  
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punnet square   a graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross  
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meiosis   a copying process that produces cells with half the usual # of chromosomes  
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selective breeding   organism with desirable characteristics are mated  
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inbeeding   the production of offspring from the mating of breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically  
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hybridization   to breed or cause the production of a hybrid  
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cloning   a cell, cell process, that is genetically identical to the unit or individual from which it were derived  
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DNA   a nucleus acid that is the main constitute of the chromosomes of all organisms  
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mutation   a sudden departure from the parent type in one or more heritable characteristics caused by a change in a gone or a chromosome  
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genetic engineering   a technology in which the genomine of a living cell is modified for medical or industrial use  
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