Cards to study for 7th grade life science semester 1 exam.
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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A ________________________ is a representation of an object or a system. | model
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The study of living things is ______________________________________. | life science
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Organisms maintain internal stability despite threats by external stimuli through ___________________. | homeostasis
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Molecules that are sometimes called the blueprints of life are __________________________________. | nucleic acids
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All of the chemical activities that an organism’s cells perform are called __________________________. | metabolism
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A living thing that makes its own food. | producer
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A series of steps followed by scientists to solve problems. | scientific method
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A living thing that breaks down the nutrients of dead organisms | decomposer
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set of related hypotheses supported by evidence | theory
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Used to produce clear and detailed images of non-living specimens | electron microscope
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The major energy-carrying molecule in the cell | ATP
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The lowest level of organization is the _____________________. | cell
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Particles move randomly from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration during ____________________________. | diffusion
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Pairs of chromosomes are called ______________________________________. | homologous chromosomes
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When oxygen breaks down food to release energy, it is called ______________________________. | cellular respiration
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the reason that most cells are limited to a very small size | surface area-to-volume ratio
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small bodies in a cell’s cytoplasm that are specialized to perform specific functions | organelles
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an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles | prokaryote
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prokaryotes that include extremophiles, organisms that live in extreme conditions | archaebacteria
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an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane as well as membrane-bound organelles | eukaryote
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an organelle that functions as the main power source of a cell, breaking down sugar to produce energy | mitochondria
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organelles in which photosynthesis takes place | chloroplast
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If an allele in a Punnett square is written Bt, ______ is the dominant trait. | B
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In the second generation, ____________________________ reappear after disappearing in the first generation. | recessive traits
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When sequences of base pairs are copied incorrectly, they are called a_______________________. | mutation
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Examples of chemical _________________________ include asbestos and chemicals in cigarette smoke. | mutagens
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The pairing of bases allows cells to __________________________. | replicate
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Adenine and ____________________________ bases fit together. | thymine
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Cytosine and ____________________________ bases fit together. | guanine
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If there is 30% cytosine in a sample, there will be 20% ________________________________. | adenine
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fertilization of one plant to another | cross-pollination
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when one trait is not completely dominant over another | incomplete dominance
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a way to organize possible offspring combinations | Punnett square
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an organism’s appearance | phenotype
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the entire genetic makeup of an organism | genotype
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the mathematical chance that something will happen | probability
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process that produces cells with half the number of chromosomes | meiosis
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process where the nucleus divides once | mitosis
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cell organelle where protein is synthesized | ribosome
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the form of mutation where one base is replaced by another kind | substitution
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material shaped like a double helix that determines inherited characteristics | DNA
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the material made of amino acids that causes most of the differences we see in organisms | proteins
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bacteria that break down dead organisms | decomposer
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an organism with no nucleus | prokaryote
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an organism that invades a cell and uses it to create more organisms | virus
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bacteria that cause disease | pathogenic bacteria
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type of cell in which viruses reproduce | host
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a protist that makes its own food. | producer
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a protist that invades another organism to get the nutrients it needs | parasite
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An animal that has a backbone. | vertebrate
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an organ in fish that removes oxygen from the water and exchanges it with carbon dioxide from the blood. | gills
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saclike organ that takes oxygen from the air and delivers it to the blood | lung
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a mammal that lays eggs | monotreme
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a mammal with a pouch, such as a kangaroo, koala, or opossum | marsupial
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the muscle that helps bring air into the lungs | diaphragm
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a soft feather that provides warmth | down
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a stiff outer feather that determines shape | contour
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the upward pressure on wings | lift
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the act of sitting on a nest to keep eggs warm | brooding
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