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Chemistry Unit 3 Vocab lists 3.1 and 3.2

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Term
Definition
E=mc2   Mass-energy equivalence; a small change in mass results in a large change in energy.  
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Electrostatic Repulsion   Force which pushes objects of like charges away from each other.  
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Nucleon   Nuclear particle of an atom; protons and neutrons are the two types.  
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Nuclear Fission   Process in which an atomic nucleus splits to form smaller parts (lighter nuclei)  
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Nuclear Fusion   Process in which two or more atomic nuclei collide at a very high speed and join to form a new atomic nucleus  
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Strong force   Short range attractive interaction between protons and neutrons; holds the nucleus together.  
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Nucleus   Dense region consisting of nucleons (protons and neutrons) at the center of an atom  
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Alpha (α) Decay   A 2-proton, 2-neutron particle is emitted from an atomic nucleus. Resulting mass number is 4 less, and atomic number is 2 less.  
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Beta (β) Decay   An electron or a positron is emitted from an atomic nucleus. Parent/daughter mass numbers are equal.  
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β— Decay   Emission of an electron from the nucleus of an atom. Results in an increase in atomic number but no change in Mass Number (neutron à proton).  
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β + Decay   Emission of a positron from the nucleus of an atom. Results in a decrease in atomic number but no change in Mass Number (proton à neutron).  
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Gamma (ɣ) Decay   A high-energy particle (light) is emitted from an atomic nucleus.  
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Radioactive Decay   Process by which a nucleus of an unstable atom loses energy by emitting particles of ionizing radiation.  
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Isotope   Different versions of the same element. Same number of protons, different number of neutrons; may be radioactive.  
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