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Biotechnology F14

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Answer
adaptation   process of adjusting to an environment that improves an organism's likelihood of survival and reproduction  
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biotechnology   The industrial use of living organisms or their components to improve human health and food production.  
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cloning   to make one or more genetic replicas of an individual or cell.  
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DNA fingerprint   A method used to identify DNA banding patterns that are specific to an individual or for comparing the nucleotide sequences of fragments of DNA from different sources.  
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gel electrophoresis   the separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an electrical field in a gel.  
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gene therapy –   placing a normal genes into cells in place of missing or defective ones in order to correct genetic disorders.  
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genetically modified organism   an organism whose genetic material has been altered  
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Human Genome Project   A project to map the entire genetic material of humans  
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plasmid   A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of a bacterial chromosome  
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recombinant DNA   A DNA molecule made in vitro with segments from different sources  
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stem cell   self-regenerating cells in the marrow of long bones that give rise, by differentiation and division, to red blood cells and all of the different types of white blood cells.  
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transgenic organism   an organism that has had its genotype altered by the introduction of a gene or DNA sequence into its genome by genetic manipulation.  
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restriction enzyme   An enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of DNA at specific locations , producing small fragments used in gene splicing for DNA technology.  
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Created by: nbctbio
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