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D& L 1-3 and C&J 1-6

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Term
Definition
Florence Nightingale   considered the founder of modern nursing  
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Florence Nightingale   became a nurse over the objections of society  
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Florence Nightingale   became active in reforming health care  
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Florence Nightingale   opened the Training School of Nurses at St. Thomas’s Hospital in London in 1860  
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Florence Nightingale   had always been interested in relieving suffering and caring for the sick  
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Amelia Greenwald   considered a catalyst for international public health nursing  
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Adah Belle Thoms   first to recognize public health as a field of nursing  
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Adah Belle Thoms   campaigned for equal rights for black nurses in the American Red Cross and Army Nurse Corps  
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Isabel Hampton Robb   emphasized the role of the nursing student as learner instead of employee  
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Isabel Hampton Robb   called for shorter working hours  
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Isabel Hampton Robb   early supporter of the rights of nursing students  
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Linda Richards   introduced the practice of keeping nurses’ notes and physicians’ orders as part of the medical record  
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Martha Franklin   the only African American graduate of her class at Women’s Hospital Training School for Nurses in Philadelphia  
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Martha Franklin   first person to advocate equality in nursing  
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Deborah   the first nurse to be recorded in history. Deborah, referred to as a nurse, accompanied Rebekah when she left home to marry Isaac  
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The Goldmark report   Identified the major weakness of hospital-based training programs as that of putting the needs of the institution before the needs of the student  
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The Institute of Research and Service in Nursing Education report   resulted in the establishment of practical nursing under Title III of the Health Amendment Act of 1955  
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Service learning:   an educational method that uses community services with explicit learning objectives, preparation, and intentional reflective activities  
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Empowerment:   the process of enabling others to do for themselves  
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Clara Barton   Founder of the Red Cross  
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Harriet Tubman   Known as Conductor of the Underground Railroad  
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Louisa May Alcott   Authored nurses' contributions during the Civil War in Hospital Sketches  
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Florence Nightingale   Founder of organized nursing  
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Lillian Wald   Founder of public health nursing  
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Dorothea Dix   Organized military hospitals during the Civil War  
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Sojourner Truth   African-American nurse known for abolitionist efforts  
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Julie O. Flikke   Superintendent of the Army Nurse Corps  
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Mary Breckenridge   Founder of the Frontier Nursing Service  
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Mary Seacole   Jamaican nurse who was refused the right to work with Nightingale  
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Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL)   A master's degree-educated RN who assumes accountability for client care outcomes through the assimilation and application of research-based information to design, implement, and evaluate client plans  
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Roman Catholic Church   Became a central figure in the organization and management of health care during the Middle Ages.  
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The Pennsylvania Hospital   was the first hospital built in the United States  
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The Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963   provided funds for the construction of outpatient mental health centers.  
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Medicare reimbursement led to   an increase in hospitalizations and home health services in the 1960s.  
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DRG reimbursement led to   hospitals' being forced to increase efficiency and more closely manage the patient's length of stay.  
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Managed care is focused on providing   more preventive and primary care  
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Hill Burton Act   marked the largest commitment of federal dollars to health care in the country's history.  
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State Boards of Nurse Examiners in 25 states adopted the State Board Test Pool in   1945  
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Major issues for nursing in the twenty-first century are __, __, __, __, and __.   access, cost, quality, safety, accountability  
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Rosemarie Parse   began her work to create a theory grounded in the human science that would enhance nursing knowledge and later refined her theory.  
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Joyce Travelbee   extensively developed the ideas of sympathy, empathy, and rapport in which the nurse could begin to comprehend and relate to the uniqueness of others.  
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According to Martha Rogers,   nursing is a learned profession: a science and an art.  
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The medical model centers on   the individual and is easily adaptable in varied clinical situations.  
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Florence Nightingale thought a person’s health was the direct result of environmental influences, specifically __, __, __, __, & __.   cleanliness, light, pure air, pure water, and efficient drainage.  
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theory:   a set of related concepts and propositions that provides an orderly way to view phenomena.  
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paradigm:   a particular viewpoint or perspective.  
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Virginia Henderson viewed the nursing role   as helping the client from dependence to independence.  
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A grand theory   is composed of concepts representing global and extremely complex phenomena.  
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Metaparadigm:   the unifying force in a discipline that names phenomena of concern to that discipline  
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Levine’s principles of conservation includes   energy, structural integrity, personal integrity, and social integrity.  
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Discipline:   a field of study  
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Nursing research:   the systematic application of formalized methods for generating valid and dependable information about the phenomena of concern to the discipline of nursing  
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