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Respiration and Excretion

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Term
Definition
pharynx   tube-like passageway used by food, liquid, and air  
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larynx   area between pharynx and trachea; where vocal cords are located  
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trachea   tube around 12 cm in length that leads to the lungs; made of cartilage; lined with mucous membranes and cilia to trap dust, bacteria, and pollen  
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bronchi   two short tubes that lead from the trachea to each lung  
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alveoli   tiny, thin-walled grape-like clusters at the end of each bronchiole that are surrounded by capillaries; exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place here  
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diaphragm   muscle beneath your lungs that relaxes and contracts to help move gases into and out of your lungs  
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emphysema   disease in which the alveoli in the lungs enlarge; limits the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen  
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asthma   reaction that causes bronchial tubes to contract quickly; causes shortness of breath, wheezing, and coughing  
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breathing   the movement of the chest that brings air into the lungs and removes waste gases  
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respiration   series of chemical reactions used to release energy stored in food molecules; requires oxygen  
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epiglottis   flap of tissue that covers the airway when swallowing to prevent food or liquid from entering  
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urinary system   system of excretory organs that rids the blood of wastes, controls blood volume by removing excess water, and balances concentrations of salts and water  
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urine   liquid waste that contains excessive water, salts, and other wastes that are not reabsorbed by the body  
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kidney   bean shaped urinary system organ that is made up of about 1 million nephrons and filters blood, producing urine  
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nephron   tiny filtering unit of the kidney  
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ureter   tube that carries urine from each kidney to the bladder  
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bladder   elastic, muscular organ that holds urine until it leaves the body through the urethra  
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urethra   tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body  
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Created by: MsHollinger
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