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Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases and Information Management

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Question
Answer
Pieces of information describing a particular entry.   attributes  
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A special organizational function for managing the organization's data resources, concerned with information policy, data planning, maintenance of data dictionaries, and data quality standards.   data administration  
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Activities for detecting and correcting data in a database or file that incorrect, incomplete, improperly formatted, or redundant. Also known as data scrubbing.   data cleansing  
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Specifies the structure of the content of a database.   data definition  
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An automated manual tool for storing and organizing information about the data maintained in a database.   data dictionary  
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A language associated with a database management system that end users and programmers use to manipulate data in the database.   data manipulation language  
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A small data warehouse containing only a portion of the organization's data for a specified function of population of users.   data mart  
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Analysis of large pools of data to find patterns and rules that can be used to guide decision making and predict future behavior.   data mining  
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A survey and/or sample of files to determine accuracy and completeness of data in an information system.   data quality audit  
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A database, with reporting and query tools, that stores current and historical data extracted from various operational systems and consolidated for management reporting and analysis.   data warehouse  
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A group of related files.   database  
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Refers to the more technical and operational aspects of managing data, including physical database design and maintenance.   database administration  
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Special software to create and maintain a database and enable individual business applications to extract the data they need without having to create separate files or data definitions in their computer programs.   database management system (DBMS)  
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A computer in a client/server environment that is responsible for running a DBMS to process SQL statements and perform database management tasks.   database server  
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A person, place, thing, or event about which information must be kept.   entity  
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A methodology for documenting databases illustrating the relationship between various entities n the database.   entity-relationship diagram  
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A group of characters in a word, a group of words, or a group of complete numbers, such as a person's name or age.   field  
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Field in a database table that enables users to find related information in another database table.   foreign key  
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Formal rules governing the maintenance, distribution, and use of information in an organization.   information policy  
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A field in a record that uniquely identifies incidents of the record so that it can be received, updated, or stored.   key field  
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The process of creating small stable data structures from complex groups of data when designing a relational database.   normalization  
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An approach to data management that stores both data and the procedures acting on the data as objects that can be automatically retrieved and shared; the objects can contain multimedia.   object-oriented DBMS  
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A database management system that combines the capabilities of a relational DBMS for storing traditional information and the capabilities of an object-oriented DBMS for storing graphics and multimedia.   object-relational DBMS  
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Capability for manipulating and analyzing large volumes of data from multiple perspectives.   online analytical processing (OLAP)  
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Use of data mining techniques, historical data, and assumptions about future conditions to predict outcomes of events.   Predictive analytics  
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Unique identifier for all the information in any row of a database table.   primary key  
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Groups of related fields.   records  
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Rules to ensure that relationships between coupled database tables remain consistent.   referential integrity  
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A type of logical database model that treats data as if they were stored in two-dimensional tables. It can relate data stored in one table to data in another as long as the two tables share a common data element.   relational database  
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The standard data manipulation language for relational database management systems.   Structured Query Language (SQL)  
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Discovery of patterns and relationships from large sets of unstructured data.   text mining  
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Rows or records in a relational database.   tuples  
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Discovery and analysis of useful patterns and information from the World Wide Web.   Web mining  
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represents the smallest unit of data a computer can handle   Bit  
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a group of bits   Byte  
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is a repository for raw unstructured data or structured data that for the most part have no yet been analyzed, and the data can be accessed in many ways.   Data Lake  
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is one that is stored in multiple physical locations.   Distributed Database  
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a group of records of the same type   File  
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is an open source software framework managed by Apache software.   Hadoop  
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relies primarily on a computer main memory for data storage   In memory Computing  
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software can mine text comments in an email message, blog, social media conversation or survey form to detect favorable and unfavorable opinions about specific subjects   Sentiment analysis  
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They use a more flexible data model and are designed for managing large data sets across many distributed machines and for easily scaling up or down.   Nonrelational Database Management Systems  
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  Big Data  
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