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Dementia

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Question
Answer
loss of the ability to recognize objects, persons, sounds, shapes, or smells while the specific sense is not defective nor is there any significant memory loss   Agnosia  
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____is a loss of the ability to produce and/or comprehend language   Aphasia  
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loss of the ability to execute or carry out learned purposeful movements, despite having the desire and the physical ability to perform the movements   Apraxia  
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generalization by reducing the information content of a concept or an observable phenomenon   Abstract  
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confusion of imagination with memory, and/or the confusion of true memories with false memories.   Confabulation  
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is the progressive decline in cognitive function   Dementia  
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is the mental capacity to control and purposefully apply one's own mental skills   Executive functioning  
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What does mental status exam include?   judgment, insight, memory, intellect  
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What does a mini-mental status exam include?   orientation, registration, attn/calc., memory, language  
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What is it called when a depressed person mistaken for dementia?   pseudodementia  
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T/F recent memory goes away first with dementia   False. Recent memory goes away first with Alzheimer  
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T/F long term memory or remote memory stays longer with dementia   True  
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Therapy used in the alzheimer unit to talk about the past.   Reminiscence therapy  
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When a person becomes confused or agitated at night   Sundowning  
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Alcoholic memory language impairment   Wernicke-Korsakoff’s syndrome  
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Manifestations of Wernicke-Korsakoff’s syndrome   thiamine (B1) deficiency, or beri-beri  
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T/F Wernicke-Korsakoff’s syndrome is permanent   True  
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Onset of delirium   Rapid  
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Onset of dementia   Gradual  
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Onset of depression   Tied to loss  
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Duration of delirium   brief - hours to days  
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Duration of dementia   progressive deterioration  
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Duration of depression   weeks - months  
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Level of consciousness of delirium   impaired, short-term  
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Level of consciousness of dementia and depression   not impaired  
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memory impairment with delirium   short-term impairment  
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memory impairment with dementia   short-term then long-term impairment  
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T/F memory is impaired with depression   False  
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Speech is slurred, rambling, pressured and irrelevant with delirium or dementia   delirium  
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Speech is normal then asphasia with delirium or dementia   dementia  
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Thought processes is temp ____ in delirium   temp disorganized  
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Thought processes is impaired to los of thinking in ____.   dementia  
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thought process is mood tearfulness in ____   depression  
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Can have visual or tactial preception as well as hallucinations and delusions with____.   delirium  
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Perception is often absent, can have paranoias, hallucinations and illusions with ____.   dementia  
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Mood is anxious, fearful in hallucinating, weeping, irritable in ____.   delirium  
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Mood is depressed with anxiety early and angry later   dementia  
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T/F hypoxia can lead to delirium and/or dementia   True  
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Blood chemistry alterations that can lead to delirium and/or dementia   hyper/hyponatremia, polydipsia, high blood sugar (confusion) low blood sugar (delirious)  
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Metabolic disorders that can lead to delirium and/or dementia   Hyperthyroid (graves) - manic agitated and psychotic. Hypothyroid (myxedema) depressed, slow thinking  
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Toxic/infectious states that can lead to delirium and/or dementia   pneumonias (hypoxic) HIV, and many infections  
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sensory deprivation leading to ____, which can be seen in ICU.   psychosis  
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repeated head trauma, tumors can lead to   delirium and/or dementia  
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T/F dementia causes Alzheimer's disease   False Alzheimer's disease causes dementia  
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____ dementia includes hardening of arteries leading to mini-stroke   Vascular dementia  
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What percentage of Parkinson's pt have dementias   33%  
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____ can cause dementia and is reversible when shunt is inserted in skull   Hydrocephalus  
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Huntington’s, Pick’s, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)   rare diseases that cause dementia  
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self care deficits r/t cognitive impairment is a diagnoses of which disease   Alzheimer's  
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The best outcome for a delirious pt is   pt experiences removal of root cause of problem  
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balancing a checkbook, following a recipe and navigating a shoping mall are examples of simple or complex cognitive skills   complex  
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Delusions, wandering, and failure to recognize family members are seen in which stage of Alzheimers’s disease?   Late  
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T/F in early stage Alzheimer's disease the family should plan with advance directives   True  
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Keep communication simple and provide visual cues is a way to communicate to a/an ____ patient   Alzheimer's  
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